丙烯酰胺,79-06-1，生产厂家，价格-洛克化工网移动版

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制备方法及用途

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丙烯酰胺

中文名称：: 丙烯酰胺

中文别名：: 丙烯酰胺;
2-丙烯酰胺;
丙烯酸酰胺

英文名称：: Acrylamide

英文别名：: acrylamide;
Akrylamid;
optimum;
PROPENAMIDE;
vinylamide;
acrylagel;
Acrylamid;
CH2CHCONH2;
2-propenamide;
carbamoylethylene;
Acrylamide;
ethyleneamide;
vinylcarboxamide;
aam;
acrylic amide

CAS No.：: 79-06-1

分子式：: C₃H₅NO

分子量：: 71.08

精确分子量：: 71.03710

PSA：: 43.09000

MDL：: MFCD00008032

EINECS：: 201-173-7

BRN：: 605349

InChI：: InChI=1/C3H5NO/c1-2-3(4)5/h2H,1H2,(H2,4,5)3

危险品标志：: T

风险术语：: R45;R46;R20/21;R25;R36/38;R43;S53;S45;S24;S36/37/39;S26;S36/37;

分子结构式：

SDS：: 查看

丙烯酰胺制备方法及用途

制备方法

1.丙烯腈硫酸水合法:丙烯腈和水在硫酸存在下水解成丙烯酰胺硫酸盐,然后用液氨中和生成丙烯酰胺溶液和硫酸铵,反应物经分离过滤后,将滤液结晶、干燥即得成品。此法的缺点是副产大量价值低廉的硫酸铵,又存在严重的硫酸腐蚀和污染等问题。每吨丙烯酰胺副产硫酸铵2280kg。原料消耗定额:丙烯腈(100%)980kg/t、硫酸(100%)200kg/t、氨(100%)700kg/t。 2.丙烯腈直接水合法:丙烯腈与水在铜催化剂存在下,在85-125℃和0.3-0.4MPa压力下直接水合而得。该法得到的丙烯酰胺水溶液(只含少量副产物),可直接作为产品销售,避免丙烯酰胺粉尘污染,用水溶液对劳动保护是有利的。产品参考规格:外观为白色鳞片状或粉状。一级品含量≥95%;二级品含量≥90%;三级品含量≥85%。 3.酶催化法:在室温下将丙烯腈水溶液送入装有菌种催化剂的固定床反应器中,经反应丙烯腈100%转化为丙烯酰胺。经分离,甚至可不经精制、浓缩就得到丙烯酰胺的工业产品。

合成制备方法

1.丙烯腈硫酸水合法：丙烯腈和水在硫酸存在下水解成丙烯酰胺硫酸盐，然后用液氨中和生成丙烯酰胺溶液和硫酸铵，反应物经分离过滤后，将滤液结晶、干燥即得成品。此法的缺点是副产大量价值低廉的硫酸铵，又存在严重的硫酸腐蚀和污染等问题。每吨丙烯酰胺副产硫酸铵2280kg。原料消耗定额：丙烯腈（100%）980kg/t、硫酸（100%）200kg/t、氨（100%）700kg/t。

2.丙烯腈直接水合法：丙烯腈与水在铜催化剂存在下，在85-125℃和0.3-0.4MPa压力下直接水合而得。该法得到的丙烯酰胺水溶液（只含少量副产物），可直接作为产品销售，避免丙烯酰胺粉尘污染，用水溶液对劳动保护是有利的。产品参考规格：外观为白色鳞片状或粉状。一级品含量≥95%；二级品含量≥90%；三级品含量≥85%。

3.酶催化法：在室温下将丙烯腈水溶液送入装有菌种催化剂的固定床反应器中，经反应丙烯腈100%转化为丙烯酰胺。经分离，甚至可不经精制、浓缩就得到丙烯酰胺的工业产品。

用途简介

制备聚丙烯酰胺凝胶，供电泳测定蛋白质分子量等。絮凝剂,土壤稳定剂，增强纸张强度，改进纤维质量，粘结剂。

用途

1.制备聚丙烯酰胺凝胶，供电泳测定蛋白质分子量等。絮凝剂。增强纸张强度。改进纤维质量。粘结剂。

2.丙烯酰胺是丙烯酰胺系和甲基丙烯酰胺系产品中最重要的产品。自1954年用于工业后，需要逐步增长。主要用来制取能溶于水的聚合物，而这种聚丙烯酰胺可作为添加剂用以提高石油的回收率；用作絮凝剂、增厚剂和造纸助剂。少量丙烯酰胺被用来将亲水中心引入亲油的聚合物中以改善粘度，提高软化点和提高树脂的抗溶剂性，并且可以为染料的受色性引入一个中心。丙烯酰胺还常常被用作感光聚合物的一个组分。在乙烯基聚合物中，在交联反应中可以使用这种酰胺基的反应活性。丙烯酰胺可以与某些单体，如乙酸乙烯、苯乙烯、氯乙烯、乙烯叉二氯、丙烯腈等共聚获得具有多种用途的聚合物。主要应用领域：(1)油田用该品用于油田注水井调整吸水剖面。将本品与引发剂、除氧剂等混合，注入注水井高渗透层带。在地层下聚合成高粘度的聚合物。封堵大孔道，增加扫油体积，提高采油率。此外，本品的聚合物或共聚物，可用于三次采油、压裂、堵水、钻井混浆处理以及化学灌浆等。(2)作絮凝剂该品的部分水解物或与甲基纤维素的接枝共聚物，用于工厂废水处理及下水处理。(3)土壤改良剂利用该品水解物作土壤改良剂，可使土壤团粒化，改善空气流通性、水渗透性和保水性。(4)纤维改性与树脂加工将丙烯酰胺进行氨基甲酰化或接枝聚合。可用于改善含合成纤维的各种纤维的树脂整理，经纱以及作印染浆料使用，以改善纤维织物的基础物性，防皱、防缩和手感好。(5)纸力增强剂丙烯酰胺与丙烯酸的共聚物或聚丙烯酰胺的部分水解物，可用作纸力培强剂，代替已经使用的淀粉、水溶性氨基树脂或者共用。(6)胶粘剂有聚丙烯酰胺与酚醛树脂溶液并用的玻璃纤维胶粘剂，以及与合成橡胶并用的压敏胶。

3.核酸分子量的测定。染料合成。塑胶合成。胶粘剂。制备聚丙烯酰胺凝胶，供电泳测定蛋白质分子量。

4.合成纤维工业和合成材料工业的重要原料之一，单体和他的均聚物、共聚物都越来越广泛地被用在国防建设、石油化工、选矿、造纸、纺织和水处理等方面。

5.用于生产絮凝剂、分散剂、添加剂和水溶性聚合物等。^[29]

丙烯酰胺物化性质

外观与性状：: 白色晶体
密度：: 1,322 g/cm3
熔点：: 82-86 °C(lit.)
沸点：: 125 °C25 mm Hg(lit.)
闪点：: 138 °C
水溶解性：: SOLUBLE, 216 g/100 mL
折射率：: 1.460
蒸汽密度：: 2.45 (vs air)
存储条件/存储方法：: 库房通风低温干燥,与氧化剂、酸类、食品化工添加剂分开存放
稳定性相关：: 1.室温下稳定，但熔融时则骤然聚合。易燃，受高热分解放出腐蚀性气体。受紫外线照射或达熔点温度时很容易聚合同时放热，也可与其他丙烯酸酯、苯乙烯信卤代乙烯等进行共聚。能进行加成、还原、水解等反应。与硫酸反应生成盐。与甲醛反应生成N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺，在酸性催化剂存在下，水解生成丙烯酸。疑为致癌物，毒性较大。丙烯酰胺中有酰氨基和双键两个反应中心。在酸或碱催化剂作用下很容易水解，分别生成丙烯酸盐和丙烯酸。双键可以发生加成反应及聚合反应。安全处理的要求是避免人体与丙烯酰胺接触，防止皮肤对其粉尘或蒸气的吸收。
2.本品剧毒。其蒸气可经呼吸道吸入或经皮肤吸收而引起中毒。主要对中枢神经系统有危害。对眼、皮肤亦有强烈的刺激作用。对家兔LD50为126mg/kg。空气中最高允许浓度0.3mg/m3。生产装置应密闭，厂房要有良好的通风条件，操作人员要穿戴好防护用品。
3.容易通过皮肤和黏膜被人体吸收和累积，引起神经系统的症状，皮肤出现红斑、脱皮；呕吐，腹痛。中毒者肌动电流图和脑电图异常。工作场所空气中有毒物质时间加权平均容许浓度为0.3mg/m3;短时间接触容许浓度为0.9mg/m3。
4.稳定性^[24] 稳定
5.禁配物^[25] 强氧化剂、酸类、碱类
6.避免接触的条件^[26] 受热、光照
7.聚合危害^[27] 聚合
其它信息：: 1.性状：白色或淡黄色结晶，无气味。^[1]
2.pH值：5.0~6.5（50%水溶液）^[2]
3.熔点（℃）：84.5^[3]
4.沸点（℃）：125（3.33kPa）；192.6^[4]
5.相对密度（水=1）：1.12^[5]
6.相对蒸气密度（空气=1）：2.45^[6]
7.饱和蒸气压（kPa）：0.21（84.5℃）^[7]
8.临界压力（MPa）：5.73^[8]
9.辛醇/水分配系数：-0.67^[9]
10.闪点（℃）：138（CC）^[10]
11.引燃温度（℃）：424^[11]
12.爆炸上限（%）：20.6^[12]
13.爆炸下限（%）：2.7^[13]
14.溶解性：溶于水、乙醇、乙醚、丙酮，不溶于苯、己烷。^[14]

丙烯酰胺毒理性

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: AS3325000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Acrylamide

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 79-06-1

BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :: 0605349

LAST UPDATED :: 199712

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 140

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C3-H5-N-O

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 71.09

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: ZV1U1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :: Rinsed with water

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration into the eye

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration into the eye

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 124 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 400 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Blood - other changes Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - transaminases Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - peptidases

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 90 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 208 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - tremor Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay)

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 107 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 170 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 156 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - tremor Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay)

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 150 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 1680 uL/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 280 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - tremor Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay)

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 150 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 170 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - tremor Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 173 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - tremor Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay)

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Bird - quail

DOSE/DURATION :: 186 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - flaccid paralysis without anesthesia (usually neuromuscular blockage) Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay)

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - species unspecified

DOSE/DURATION :: 100 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - species unspecified

DOSE/DURATION :: 190 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1035 mg/kg/15W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - muscle weakness Behavioral - ataxia Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 608 mg/kg/16D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Spinal Cord - other degenerative changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1800 mg/kg/90D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - structural change in nerve or sheath Behavioral - fluid intake Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 600 mg/kg/6W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Behavioral - ataxia

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 286 mg/kg/28D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Brain and Coverings - changes in brain weight Cardiac - changes in heart weight Blood - pigmented or nucleated red blood cells

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 108 mg/kg/3W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Spinal Cord - other degenerative changes Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - multiple enzyme effects

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 168 mg/kg/2W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - muscle weakness

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 780 mg/kg/13W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Spinal Cord - demyelination Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - structural change in nerve or sheath Behavioral - ataxia

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 400 mg/kg/8D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Spinal Cord - other degenerative changes Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - other transferases

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1155 mg/kg/13W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - sensory change involving peripheral nerve Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - recording from peripheral motor nerve Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1 gm/kg/8W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - spastic paralysis with or without sensory change Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - structural change in nerve or sheath

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 568 mg/kg/8W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Related to Chronic Data - changes in testicular weight

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 1200 mg/kg/4W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - muscle weakness Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 330 mg/kg/22D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - recording from peripheral motor nerve Behavioral - muscle weakness Behavioral - ataxia

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Primate - monkey

DOSE/DURATION :: 671 mg/kg/75W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Autonomic Nervous System - other (direct) parasympathomimetic Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Primate - monkey

DOSE/DURATION :: 450 mg/kg/61D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - sensory change involving peripheral nerve

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Primate - monkey

DOSE/DURATION :: 200 mg/kg/2D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - chronic pulmonary edema Liver - fatty liver degeneration Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Primate - monkey

DOSE/DURATION :: 200 mg/kg/4D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :: 771 mg/kg/1Y-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - muscle weakness

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :: 150 mg/kg/10D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - dehydrogenases Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - other Enzymes

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intramuscular

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :: 300 mg/kg/10D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Spinal Cord - other degenerative changes Behavioral - muscle weakness

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Bird - chicken

DOSE/DURATION :: 450 mg/kg/3W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - muscle weakness Behavioral - ataxia

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1456 mg/kg/2Y-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Reproductive - Tumorigenic effects - testicular tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 24 mg/kg/8W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 300 mg/kg/2W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors Skin and Appendages - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 72 mg/kg/8W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1456 mg/kg/2Y-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Reproductive - Tumorigenic effects - uterine tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 200 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 7-16 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - biochemical and metabolic

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 560 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 6-21 day(s) after conception lactating female 10 day(s) post-birth

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Maternal Effects - parturition Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - stillbirth Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 75 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: male 5 day(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - male fertility index (e.g. # males impregnating females per # males exposed to fertile nonpregnant females)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 140 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 2 week(s) pre-mating - 3 week(s) post-birth

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 150 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: male 5 day(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 350 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: male 7 day(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 400 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: male 8 day(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 571 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: male 16 day(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 95 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :: male 4 week(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) Reproductive - Fertility - male fertility index (e.g. # males impregnating females per # males exposed to fertile nonpregnant females) Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 95 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 4 week(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 71 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :: male 4 week(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 225 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 10-12 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 125 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 250 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: male 5 day(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - male fertility index (e.g. # males impregnating females per # males exposed to fertile nonpregnant females) Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 300 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 8-10 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 75 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 12 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 225 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 10-12 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death

TYPE OF TEST :: Specific locus test

TYPE OF TEST :: Micronucleus test

TYPE OF TEST :: Unscheduled DNA synthesis

TYPE OF TEST :: Sister chromatid exchange

TYPE OF TEST :: Dominant lethal test

TYPE OF TEST :: Micronucleus test

TYPE OF TEST :: Specific locus test

TYPE OF TEST :: DNA damage

TYPE OF TEST :: Unscheduled DNA synthesis

TYPE OF TEST :: Cytogenetic analysis

TYPE OF TEST :: Cytogenetic analysis

TYPE OF TEST :: Sister chromatid exchange

TYPE OF TEST :: Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction

TYPE OF TEST :: Dominant lethal test

TYPE OF TEST :: Dominant lethal test

TYPE OF TEST :: Sperm Morphology

TYPE OF TEST :: Sperm Morphology

TYPE OF TEST :: Heritable translocation test

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction

TEST SYSTEM :: Rodent - hamster Lung

REFERENCE :: MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 245,191,1990 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Animal carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 0.03 mg/m3 (skin) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 39,41,1986 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 60,389,1994 IARC Cancer Review:Human No Adequate Data IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 39,41,1986 IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 60,389,1994 IARC Cancer Review:Group 2A IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 60,389,1994 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW EVHPAZ EHP, Environmental Health Perspectives. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) No.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,129,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CRTXB2 CRC Critical Reviews in Toxicology. (CRC Press, Inc., 2000 Corporate Blvd., NW, Boca Raton, FL 33431) V.1- 1971- Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,365,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CMTVAS Cahiers de Medecine du Travail. (Association Professionnelle Belge des Medecine du Travail, rue du Bultia, 6280 Gerpinnes, Belgium) V.1- 1963- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10(3),49,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CJNSA2 Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences. (Faculty of Medicine, 2500 University Dr., Calgary, Alberta, Canada) V.1- 1974- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,143,1974 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CJNSA2 Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences. (Faculty of Medicine, 2500 University Dr., Calgary, Alberta, Canada) V.1- 1974- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,152,1974 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW NTOTDY Neurobehavioral Toxicology and Teratology. (Fayetteville, NY) V.3-8, 1981-86. For publisher information, see NETEEC. Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,445,1981 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 0.3 mg/m3 (skin) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,5,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 0.3 mg/m3 (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 0.3 mg/m3 (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 0.3 mg/m3 (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 0.3 mg/m3 (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 0.3 mg/m3;Skin;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 0.3 mg/m3;Skin;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 0.3 mg/m3;Skin;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 0.3 mg/m3;STEL 0.9 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 0.3 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY;Skin;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:STEL 0.3 mg/m3;Skin;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 0.3 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 0.3 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 0.3 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 0.2 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 0.3 mg/m3;STEL 0.9 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.3 mg/m3;Skin;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 0.3 mg/m3;STEL 0.6 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO ACRYLAMIDE-air:10H CA TWA 0.03 mg/m3 (Sk) REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 03540 No. of Facilities: 442 (estimated) No. of Industries: 10 No. of Occupations: 24 No. of Employees: 7047 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 03540 No. of Facilities: 453 (estimated) No. of Industries: 19 No. of Occupations: 22 No. of Employees: 10651 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 721 (estimated)

毒理学数据：

1.急性毒性^[15]

LD50：150~180mg/kg（大鼠经口）

2.刺激性^[16]

家兔经皮：500mg（24h），轻度刺激。

家兔经眼：100mg（24h），中度刺激。

3.亚急性与慢性毒性^[17] 多次重复染毒，几乎全部动物发生周围神经损害，表现四肢肌肉无力、后肢严重瘫痪、肢体远端肌肉萎缩、感觉障碍及腱反射消失。

4.致敏性^[18] 对皮肤有致敏作用。

致突变性姐妹染色单体交换：大鼠经口600mg/kg（连续10d）。精子形态学改变：小鼠腹腔注射100mg/kg。

5.致畸性^[19] 雌性小鼠受孕后6~17d，经口染毒540mg/kg，引发仔鼠肌肉骨骼系统发育畸形。

6.致癌性^[20] IARC致癌性评论：G2A，可能人类致癌物。

7.其他^[21] 大鼠经口最低中毒剂量（TDLo）：200mg/kg（孕7~16d），引起新生鼠生化和代谢改变。大鼠经口最低中毒剂量（TDLo）：544mg/kg（9周，雄性），引起精子、雄性生育指数改变和植入后死亡率增加。

生态数据：

1.生态毒性^[22]

LC50：103~115mg/L（96h）（黑头呆鱼）；110mg/L（96h）（虹鳟鱼）；100mg/L（96h）（蓝鳃太阳鱼）；160mg/L（48h）（水蚤）

2.生物降解性 暂无资料

3.非生物降解性^[23] 空气中，当羟基自由基浓度为5.00×10⁵个/cm³时，降解半衰期为1.4d（理论）。

丙烯酰胺 MSDS

国标编号:	61740
ＣＡＳ:	79-06-1
中文名称:	丙烯酰胺
英文名称:	Acrylamide
别名:
分子式:	C₃H₅NO；CH₂CHCONH₂
分子量:	71.08
熔点:	84.5℃ 沸点：125℃/3
密度:	相对密度(水=1)1.12；
蒸汽压:	0.21kPa(84.5℃)
溶解性:	溶于水、乙醇、乙醚、丙酮，不溶于苯
稳定性:	稳定
外观与性状:	白色结晶固体，无气味
危险标记:	15(毒害品)
用途:	用于制造水溶性聚合物即聚丙烯酰胺

2.对环境的影响:
一、健康危害

侵入途径：吸入、食入、经皮吸收。
健康危害：本品具神经毒作用。可引起疲嗜睡、手指麻木，位置性震颤，步态紊乱，肌肉萎缩，肌肉无力，手出汗脱屑以及接触性皮炎等。

二、毒理学资料及环境行为

毒性：中等毒类。
急性毒性：LD50 150～180mg/kg(大鼠经口)
刺激性：家兔经眼：5mg(24小时)，重度刺激。
亚急性和慢性毒性：大鼠经口食物中添加0.02%～0.04%本品，1～6个月，出现末梢神经，神经轴突、髓膜变性。
致突变性：姊妹染色单体交换：大鼠经口600mg/kg，10天(连续)。精子形态学改变：小鼠腹腔注射100mg/kg。
生殖毒性：大鼠经口最低中毒剂量(TDL0)：200mg/kg(孕7～16天)，引起新生鼠生化和代谢改变。大鼠经口最低中毒剂量(TDL0)：544mg/kg(9周，雄性)，引起精子、雄性生育指数改变和植入后死亡率增加。
致癌性：IARC致癌性评论：动物阳性。

危险特性：遇高热、明火或与氧化剂接触，有引起燃烧的危险。若遇高热，可能发生聚合反应，出现大量放热现象，引起容器破裂和爆炸事故。
燃烧(分解)产物：一氧化碳、二氧化碳。

3.现场应急监测方法:
　

4.实验室监测方法:
气相色谱法《水质分析大全》张宏陶等主编
气相色谱法《固体废弃物试验与分析评价手册》中国环境监测总站等译
色谱-质谱法《水和废水标准检验法》第19版译文，江苏省环境监测中心

5.环境标准:
前苏联(1975)车间卫生标准 0.3mg/m3
中国(待颁布) 饮用水源水中有害物质的最高容许浓度 0.0005mg/L

6.应急处理处置方法:
一、泄漏应急处理

隔离泄漏污染区，周围设警告标志，建议应急处理人员戴好防毒面具，穿化学防护服。不要直接接触泄漏物，用洁清的铲子收集于干燥净洁有盖的容器中，运至废物处理场所。也可以用大量水冲洗，经稀释的洗水放入废水系统。如大量泄漏，收集回收或无害处理后废弃。
废弃物处置方法：用焚烧法。焚烧炉排出的氮氧化物通过洗涤器除去。

二、防护措施

呼吸系统防护：空气中浓度超标时，应该佩带防毒面具。紧急事态抢救或逃生时，佩带自给式呼吸器。
眼睛防护：必要时戴安全防护眼镜。
防护服：穿相应的防护服。
手防护：戴防化学品手套。
其它：工作现场禁止吸烟、进食和饮水。工作后，彻底清洗。单独存放被毒物污染的衣服，洗后再用。进行就业前和定期的体检。

三、急救措施

皮肤接触：脱去污染的衣着，用肥皂水及清水彻底冲洗。
眼睛接触：立即提起眼睑，用流动清水冲洗。
吸入：脱离现场至空气新鲜处。必要时进行人工呼吸。就医。
食入：误服者给饮大量温水，催吐。就医。

灭火方法：二氧化碳、干粉、砂土。

丙烯酰胺

丙烯酰胺制备方法及用途

制备方法

合成制备方法

用途简介

用途

丙烯酰胺物化性质

丙烯酰胺安全信息

丙烯酰胺毒理性

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

MUTATION DATA

丙烯酰胺 MSDS

丙烯酰胺分子结构与计算化学数据

分子结构数据

计算化学数据

丙烯酰胺上游产品

丙烯酰胺下游产品

丙烯酰胺表征图谱

推荐供应商

丙烯酰胺

丙烯酰胺 制备方法及用途

制备方法

合成制备方法

用途简介

用途

丙烯酰胺 物化性质

丙烯酰胺 安全信息

丙烯酰胺 毒理性

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

MUTATION DATA

丙烯酰胺 MSDS

丙烯酰胺 分子结构与计算化学数据

分子结构数据

计算化学数据

丙烯酰胺 上游产品

丙烯酰胺 下游产品

丙烯酰胺 表征图谱

推荐供应商

丙烯酰胺制备方法及用途

丙烯酰胺物化性质

丙烯酰胺安全信息

丙烯酰胺毒理性

丙烯酰胺分子结构与计算化学数据

丙烯酰胺上游产品

丙烯酰胺下游产品

丙烯酰胺表征图谱