制备方法

硬度很大，大约是莫氏9度。磨碎以后，可作研磨粉，可制擦光纸，又可制磨轮和砥石的摩擦表面。 磨料。耐高温材料。制造高纯度单晶、半导体。用于肥皂增效剂和防止条皂油脂析出和起霜。对润滑油和脂肪有强烈的乳化作用，可用于调节缓冲皂液的ｐH值。工业用水的软水剂。制革预鞣剂。染色助剂。油漆、高岭土、氧化镁、碳酸钙等工业中配制悬浮液时作分散剂。钻井泥浆分散剂。造纸工业用作防油污剂。 用作树脂、金属等复合材料的补强纤维，亦可作电波吸收材料及耐热材料。 它具有相当好的抗高温性能和很高强度。主要用于需要高温高强应用材质的增韧场合。在国防和航空领域中用于发动机燃烧器、高性能雷达材料和红外线整流罩、直升机和喷气机零件、高温电力辅助构件等；在电子工业中用于高性能多层集成块封装、多层电容器；在汽车工业用于催化剂转化器、驾驶系统零部件、阀门及阀门座；在化工工业可与热塑性、热固化性树脂构成复合材料，显著提高塑料的强度、热传导性和耐磨耗性能等。在PEEK中添加15％的碳化硅晶须，热传导性大约提高2倍，用20％的碳化硅强化的聚酰亚胺的拉伸强度在常温下提高约2倍，在250℃的高温下与常温下未增强的效果相同。在环氧树脂中添加15％的碳化硅时，磨耗量降低17％。此外，在陶瓷、环保、能源等领域也有广泛的应用。 用作树脂、金属、陶瓷等复合材料的补强纤维及电波吸收材料。也用作宇宙、航天能源方面的材料。 高密度烧结体用原料，耐高温结构材料、耐腐蚀、耐磨材料用原料。毒性与防护　允许浓度10mg/m3。

合成制备方法

 由砂与适量的碳放在电炉中加热而得。

用途简介

用途

1.    硬度很大，大约是莫氏9度。磨碎以后，可作研磨粉，可制擦光纸，又可制磨轮和砥石的摩擦表面。

海关代码：

2849200000

危险类别码：

R36/37/38

安全说明：

S26-S36

安全标志：

S26:万一接触眼睛，立即使用大量清水冲洗并送医诊治。
S36:穿戴合适的防护服装。

危险标志：

Xi:Irritant;

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :

VW0450000

CHEMICAL NAME :

Silicon carbide

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :

409-21-2

LAST UPDATED :

199712

DATA ITEMS CITED :

30

MOLECULAR FORMULA :

C-Si

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

40.10

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :

.SI..C

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

60 mg/m3/6H/13W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - changes in lung weight

REFERENCE :

FAATDF Fundamental and Applied Toxicology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year: 16,128,1991 ** TUMORIGENIC DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

300 mg/kg/26W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal - tumors

REFERENCE :

EKSODD Eksperimental'naya Onkologiya. Experimental Oncology. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Mosow, USSR) V.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 11(2),13,1989

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Implant

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

200 mg/kg

REFERENCE :

JJIND8 JNCI, Journal of the National Cancer Institute. (Washington, DC) V.61-79, 1978-87. For publisher information, see JNCIEQ. Volume(issue)/page/year: 67,965,1981 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 10 mg/m3, total dust DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD:NUISANCE PARTICULATES DTLWS* "Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values for Substances in Workroom Air," Supplements. For publisher information, see 85INA8. Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,28,1973 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 15 mg/m3, total dust CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 5 mg/m3, respirable fraction CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 15 mg/m3, total dust CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 5 mg/m3, respirable fraction CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 15 mg/m3, total dust CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 5 mg/m3, respirable fraction CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 4 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 4 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 10 mg/m3 (total dust) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 5 mg/m3 (resp. dust) JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO SILICON CARBIDE, resp. fraction-air:10H TWA 5 mg/m3 REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO SILICON CARBIDE, total dust-air:10H TWA 10 mg/m3 REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 17525 No. of Facilities: 25235 (estimated) No. of Industries: 184 No. of Occupations: 97 No. of Employees: 268082 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X4228 No. of Facilities: 158 (estimated) No. of Industries: 4 No. of Occupations: 12 No. of Employees: 8693 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 84 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X6494 No. of Facilities: 1250 (estimated) No. of Industries: 25 No. of Occupations: 22 No. of Employees: 17481 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 1482 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 17525 No. of Facilities: 13729 (estimated) No. of Industries: 129 No. of Occupations: 97 No. of Employees: 250945 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 19568 (estimated)

毒理学数据：

 吸入碳化硅粉尘会沉积于肺部，导致肺病。

生态数据：

其它有害作用：该物质对环境可能有危害，对水体应给予特别注意。

分子结构数据

计算化学数据

1.疏水参数计算参考值（XlogP）:无

2.氢键供体数量:0

3.氢键受体数量:1

4.可旋转化学键数量:0

5.互变异构体数量:无

6.拓扑分子极性表面积0

7.重原子数量:2

8.表面电荷:0

9.复杂度:10

10.同位素原子数量:0

11.确定原子立构中心数量:0

12.不确定原子立构中心数量:0

13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0

14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

15.共价键单元数量:1

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  碳化硅红外图谱(IR1)