对甲酚,106-44-5，生产厂家，价格-洛克化工网移动版

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物化性质

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对甲酚

中文名称：: 对甲酚

中文别名：: 对甲酚;
4-甲酚;
4-甲基酚;
对甲苯酚;
4-甲基苯酚;
对羟基甲苯;
对甲基苯酚;
对克勒梭尔

英文名称：: Phenol,4-methyl-

英文别名：: p-cresol;
p-Cresol;
FEMA 2337;
KRESOL-PARA;
p-Toluol;
4-Cresol;
Paracresol;
1PO;
p-Kresol;
4-Methylphenol

CAS No.：: 106-44-5

分子式：: C₇H₈O

分子量：: 108.14

精确分子量：: 108.05800

PSA：: 20.23000

MDL：: MFCD00002376

EINECS：: 203-398-6

BRN：: 1305151

InChI：: InChI=1/C7H8O/c1-6-3-2-4-7(8)5-6/h2-5,8H,1H33

危险品标志：: T

风险术语：: R24/25;R34

安全术语：: S36/37/39;S45

分子结构式：

SDS：: 查看

对甲酚制备方法及用途

制备方法

其制备方法有以下几种。 (1)甲苯磺化碱熔法以甲苯为原料,以硫酸为磺化剂,在110～130℃进行磺化反应,生成中间体甲苯磺酸,经中和后在340～365℃下与熔融氢氧化钠进行碱熔反应,得甲酚钠,经酸化后得粗甲酚,再经蒸馏分出邻甲酚和苯酚,得到以对甲酚为主体的间、对混甲酚。温度变化、磺化剂种类以及甲苯与磺化剂的配比决定了生成甲酚中异构体组成。南京金燕化工总公司采用磺化碱熔法可生产高纯度对甲酚。常用的磺化剂还有发烟硫酸、氯磺酸。甲苯磺化法制备对甲酚是最早的工业化方法,此法工艺较成熟,但需消耗大量的酸、碱,设备腐蚀问题大,目前该法还是生产对甲酚的主要方法。间、对甲酚混合物提取间甲酚后的母液可用草酸加成法进行再结晶。例如将尿素配合过滤后的甲苯溶液加热到95～100℃,搅拌下加入草酸反应2～3h,然后在常温下冷却约16h,真空过滤得白色结晶即对甲酚草酸配合物。将此配合物用热水分解,上层油层先经常压蒸馏为甲苯和水蒸出后,再在真空度0.094 MPa切取93～104℃馏分即得纯度为95%对甲苯酚。 (2)对甲苯胺重氮水解法对甲苯胺和硫酸生成对甲苯胺硫酸盐,在0～5℃用亚硝酸钠进行重氮化,然后将重氮盐在稀硫酸中加热水解,用蒸汽将油状物分出,将油层分出加到1%氢氧化钠中,再加脱色过滤,加入浓硫酸至pH=1,然后将水层分出,加入锌粉和硫酸,再用碳酸钠中和至中性,分出油状物,水洗,然后减压蒸馏得成品。 (3)可用对甲苯磺酸钠经碱熔后再酸化获得。

用途简介

1.GB 2760--1996规定为允许使用的食用香料。用于有机合成,也是制造抗氧剂2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚和橡胶防老剂的原料,同时,又是生产医药TMP和染料可利西丁磺酸的重要基础原料。 2.用作分析试剂。用于有机合成。还用作杀菌剂、防霉剂。 3.胶黏剂中主要用于制造酚醛树脂。还用作抗氧剂2,6-二叔丁基对甲苯酚的原料。医药上用作消毒剂,合成磺胺药物增效剂用三甲氧基苯甲醛等。此外,还可用于制造油漆、增塑剂、浮选剂、甲酚酸染料和农药等。 4.用于有机合成和用作杀菌剂、防霉剂。

对甲酚毒理性

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: GO6475000

CHEMICAL NAME :: p-Cresol

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 106-44-5

LAST UPDATED :: 199712

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 44

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C7-H8-O

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 108.15

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: QR D1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration into the eye

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 207 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise specified Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Gastrointestinal - ulceration or bleeding from stomach

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: >710 mg/m3/1H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 750 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1440 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 344 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 25 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 150 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 160 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :: 80 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 620 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 301 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - tremor Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 300 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 180 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 200 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Amphibian - frog

DOSE/DURATION :: 150 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 21 gm/kg/28D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 33600 mg/kg/28D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Cardiac - changes in heart weight Liver - changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 2280 mg/kg/20W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages - tumors

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: DNA inhibition

TEST SYSTEM :: Rodent - hamster Lung

REFERENCE :: CRTOEC Chemical Research in Toxicology. (American Chemical Soc., Distribution Office Dept. 223, POB 57/36, West End Station, Washington, DC 20037) V.1- 1988- Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,151,1991 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-TWA 22 mg/m3 (5 ppm) (skin) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 47,75,1978 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 5 ppm (22 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,61,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 5 ppm (22 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 5 ppm (22 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 5 ppm (22 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 5 ppm (22 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-DENMARK:TWA 5 ppm (22 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO p-CRESOL-air:10H TWA 2.3 ppm REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 84266 No. of Facilities: 4394 (estimated) No. of Industries: 48 No. of Occupations: 34 No. of Employees: 33253 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 84266 No. of Facilities: 1057 (estimated) No. of Industries: 8 No. of Occupations: 14 No. of Employees: 21313 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 16798 (estimated)

对甲酚 MSDS

国标编号:	61073
ＣＡＳ:	106-44-5
中文名称:	4-甲(苯)酚
英文名称:	4-methylphenol；p-Cresol
别名:	对甲(苯)酚；4-甲基苯酚
分子式:	C₇H₈O；HOC₆H₄CH3
分子量:	108.13
熔点:	35.5℃ 沸点：201.8℃
密度:	相对密度(水=1)1.03；
蒸汽压:	94.4℃
溶解性:	微溶于水，溶于乙醇、乙醚、氯仿、碱液
稳定性:	稳定
外观与性状:	无色结晶，有芳香气味
危险标记:	14(有毒品)
用途:	用于有机合成和作杀菌剂、防霉剂

2.对环境的影响:
一、健康危害
侵入途径：吸入、食入、经皮吸收。
健康危害：本品对皮肤、粘膜有强烈刺激和腐蚀作用。引起多脏器损害。
急性中毒：引起肌肉无力、胃肠道症状、中枢神经抑制、虚脱、体温下降和昏迷，并可引起肺水肿和肝、肾、胰等脏器损害，最终发生呼吸衰竭。
慢性影响：可引起消化道功能障碍，肝、肾损害和皮疹。
二、毒理学资料及环境行为
毒性：属低毒类。
急性毒性：LD₅₀207mg/kg(大鼠经口)；301mg/kg(兔经皮)
致癌性：小鼠经皮最低中毒剂量(TDL₀)：4800mg/kg(12周，间歇)，致肿瘤阳性。
对生物降解的影响：水中浓度16.5mg/L时，未驯化的活性污泥对氨氮的硝化作用降低75%，浓度30mg/L时，荧光假单孢菌对葡萄糖的降解受到抑制，浓度大于1000mg/L时，大肠杆菌对葡萄糖的降解受到抑制。
危险特性：遇明火、高热或与氧化剂接触，有引起燃烧爆炸的危险。
燃烧(分解)产物：一氧化碳、二氧化碳。

3.现场应急监测方法:
直接进水样气相色谱法

4.实验室监测方法:

监测方法	来源	类别
气相色谱法	《空气和废气监测分析方法》国家环保局编	空气和废气
气相色谱法；色谱/质谱法	《固体废弃物试验分析评价手册》中国环境监测总站等译	固体废弃物
高效液相色谱法	《空气中有害物的测定方法》(第二版)，杭士平主编	空气
氯亚胺二溴苯醌比色法；对硝基重氮苯比色法	《化工企业空气中有害物质测定方法》，化学工业出版社	化工企业空气
色谱/质谱法	《水和废水标准检验法》第19版译文，江苏省环境监测中心	水和废水

5.环境标准:

前苏联	车间空气中有害物质的最高容许浓度	0.5mg/m³
前苏联(1978)	环境空气中基本安全浓度	0.02mg/m³
前苏联(1975)	水体中有害物质最高允许浓度	0.004mg/L
前苏联(1975)	污水排放标准	0.1mg/L
	嗅觉阈浓度	0.2ppm

6.应急处理处置方法:
一、泄漏应急处理
隔离泄漏污染区，限制出入。切断火源。建议应急处理人员戴自给式呼吸器，穿防毒服。不要直接接触泄漏物。小量泄漏：避免扬尘，用洁净的铲子收集于干燥、洁净、有盖的容器中。大量泄漏：收集回收或运至废物处理场所处置。
废弃物处置方法：用焚烧法。
二、防护措施
呼吸系统防护：空气中粉尘浓度超标时，应该佩戴头罩型电动送风过滤式防尘呼吸器；可能接触其蒸气时，应该佩戴自吸过滤式防毒面具(全面罩)。
眼睛防护：呼吸系统防护中已作防护。
身体防护：穿胶布防毒衣。
手防护：戴橡胶手套。
其它：工作现场禁止吸烟、进食和饮水。工作毕，彻底清洗。单独存放被毒物污染的衣服，洗后备用。注意个人清洁卫生。
三、急救措施
皮肤接触：立即脱去被污染的衣着，用甘油、聚乙烯乙二醇或聚乙烯乙二醇和酒精混合液(7^：3)抹洗，然后用水彻底清洗。或用大量流动清水冲洗，至少15分钟。就医。
眼睛接触：立即提起眼睑，用大量流动清水或生理盐水彻底冲洗至少15分钟。就医。
吸入：迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。保持呼吸道通畅。如呼吸困难，给输氧。如呼吸停止，立即进行人工呼吸。就医。
食入：立即给饮植物油15-30mL。催吐。就医。
灭火方法：消防人员须佩戴防毒面具、穿全身消防服。灭火剂：雾状水、泡沫、干粉、二氧化碳、砂土。