制备方法

用于氧化和氟化反应，用作火箭燃料系统中的氧化剂。

合成制备方法

制法1 将气态氟通入2％的氢氧化钠溶液制备。如图所示  制备一氧化氟的装置

2NaOH+2F₂＝F₂O+2NaF+H₂O

用一根内径约2mm的铂管将F₂气流以每小时1～3L的速度通入盛在一个玻璃反应器中的2％ NaOH溶液。碱液以每小时1L的速度由一个较高位置的储器流出，通过反应器。铂管浸在碱液中约2cm深。

使放出来的混合气体通过一个装有水的旋管洗涤瓶，以吸收未反应的F₂。然后再将F₂O冷凝在两个用液态氧冷却的玻璃气体阱中。

反应完毕后，用水泵把凝在气体阱中的粗产物在-183℃抽气，抽到20mmHg(1mmHg=133.322Pa)。这样即可除去大部分溶在液态F₂O中的O₂。为避免F₂O逸出到空气中可在水泵前面接一个装有KI溶液的洗瓶。将F₂O分馏，开始的馏分是O2。经一次蒸馏产品纯度可达98.5％，以所用氟计算，产率为45％。

制法2 上述方法的缺点是反应受气体氟的接触时间和氟与水的物质的量比的影响。

在氟化钾或氟化铯存在下，使水易与氟反应的方法收率高（55%～80％）而且简单，反应时间15min到3h，氟与水的物质的量比从2∶1到4∶1。

过程在普通装置中于真空条件下进行。以氟化钾为催化剂时，将0.327g KF·2H₂O（3.48mmol）、0.807g无水KF（13.9mmol）及0.544gF2（14.3mmol）装入500mL玻璃球内使之反应1.5h。产物以F₂O计可得5.18mmol产率为74％。用氟化铯或氟化钠为催化剂时，水的加入量只是湿润无水催化剂粉末表面所需的量。

用途简介

用途

1.用于氧化和氟化反应，用作火箭燃料系统中的氧化剂。^[18]

风险类别：

2.3

危险标志：

Xi

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :

RS2100000

CHEMICAL NAME :

Oxygen difluoride

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :

7783-41-7

LAST UPDATED :

199712

DATA ITEMS CITED :

20

MOLECULAR FORMULA :

F2-O

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

54.00

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :

O F2

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human

DOSE/DURATION :

500 ppb

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - chronic pulmonary edema

REFERENCE :

34ZIAG "Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1969 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,444,1969

TYPE OF TEST :

LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

2600 ppb/1H

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - acute pulmonary edema Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes

REFERENCE :

AMRL** Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory Report. (Aerospace Technical Div., Air Force Systems Command, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433) Volume(issue)/page/year: TR-70-77,1970

TYPE OF TEST :

LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

1500 ppb/1H

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - acute pulmonary edema Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes

REFERENCE :

AMRL** Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory Report. (Aerospace Technical Div., Air Force Systems Command, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433) Volume(issue)/page/year: TR-70-77,1970

TYPE OF TEST :

LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

26 ppm/1H

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - acute pulmonary edema Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes

REFERENCE :

AMRL** Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory Report. (Aerospace Technical Div., Air Force Systems Command, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433) Volume(issue)/page/year: TR-70-77,1970

TYPE OF TEST :

LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Primate - monkey

DOSE/DURATION :

26 ppm/1H

REFERENCE :

AMRL** Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory Report. (Aerospace Technical Div., Air Force Systems Command, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433) Volume(issue)/page/year: TR-70-77,1970 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-CL 0.11 mg/m3 (0.05 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 0.05 ppm (0.1 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,193,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 0.05 ppm (0.1 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 0.05 ppm (0.1 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 0.05 ppm (0.1 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 0.05 ppm (0.1 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 0.05 ppm (0.1 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 0.05 ppm (0.1 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:STEL 0.05 ppm (0.1 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 0.05 ppm (0.1 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 0.05 ppm (0.1 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.05 ppm (0.1 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO OXYGEN DIFLUORIDE-air:CL 0.05 ppm REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992

毒理学数据：

1.急性毒性^[10] LC50：2600ppb（大鼠吸入，1h）；1500ppb（小鼠吸入，1h）；26ppm（猴吸入）；26ppm（狗吸入）

2.刺激性 暂无资料

3.亚急性与慢性毒性^[11] 小鼠、大鼠、豚鼠、兔及狗于0.1ppm下，每天接触7h，30次，未见毒性影响；而2~5ppm时，出现不同程度的刺激症状。

4.其他^[12] 人吸入TCLo：500ppb

生态数据：

1.生态毒性 暂无资料

2.生物降解性 暂无资料

3.非生物降解性  暂无资料

分子结构数据

1、摩尔折射率：4.12

2、摩尔体积（cm³/mol）：45.7

3、等张比容（90.2K）：70.8

4、表面张力（dyne/cm）：5.7

5、介电常数（F/m）：无可用的

6、极化率（10^-24cm³）：1.63

7、单一同位素质量：53.991721Da

8、标称质量：54Da

9、平均质量：53.9962Da

计算化学数据

1.疏水参数计算参考值（XlogP）:1.2

2.氢键供体数量:0

3.氢键受体数量:3

4.可旋转化学键数量:0

5.互变异构体数量:无

6.拓扑分子极性表面积9.2

7.重原子数量:3

8.表面电荷:0

9.复杂度:2.8

10.同位素原子数量:0

11.确定原子立构中心数量:0

12.不确定原子立构中心数量:0

13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0

14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

15.共价键单元数量:1