制备方法

制法1 将硒装入一不锈钢的容器中,加热熔化并使其沸腾回流,在200kPa的压力下,向沸腾的硒中通氢气鼓泡。此时反应气体混合物中含有高于40%的硒化氢。气体混合物冷却时,硒凝聚成固体,通过一过滤器除去。然后将气体混合物冷冻至-40℃,此时H2Se已固化,其中的氢气差不多全部被排出反应装置。产物中剩余的痕量氢可通过低温蒸馏除去。所获得的硒化氢的纯度由原料的纯度决定。 制法2 在实验室用硒化物的水解可以很方便地产生硒化氢。 Al2Se3+6H2O→3H2Se+2Al(OH)3 将纯净干燥的Al2Se3固体置于带气体导出管和导入管并装有滴液漏斗的烧瓶中,气体导出管与干燥装置及冷凝装置连接。以一个装有无水CaCl2的U形管和一个装有五氧化二磷加玻璃棉的U形管组成干燥装置。U形管后接两个冷却到-78℃的冷阱。首先通入不含氧的干燥氮气将装置中的空气排净,然后在缓缓通入氮气的情况下,从滴液漏斗中滴入新煮沸过并已冷却的蒸馏水。调节滴水速度,使反应平稳进行,反应速度适当时,烧瓶仅稍稍升温。当气体发生的速度减慢时,可加入少量稀盐酸。反应中生成的H2Se气体在冷阱中凝聚。 硒化氢可冷凝成液体在低温下储存,也可以以气体状态储存在烧封的玻璃瓶中。

合成制备方法

制法1 将硒装入一不锈钢的容器中，加热熔化并使其沸腾回流，在200kPa的压力下，向沸腾的硒中通氢气鼓泡。此时反应气体混合物中含有高于40%的硒化氢。气体混合物冷却时，硒凝聚成固体，通过一过滤器除去。然后将气体混合物冷冻至-40℃，此时H₂Se已固化，其中的氢气差不多全部被排出反应装置。产物中剩余的痕量氢可通过低温蒸馏除去。所获得的硒化氢的纯度由原料的纯度决定。

制法2 在实验室用硒化物的水解可以很方便地产生硒化氢。

Al₂Se₃+6H₂O→3H₂Se+2Al(OH)₃

将纯净干燥的Al2Se3固体置于带气体导出管和导入管并装有滴液漏斗的烧瓶中,气体导出管与干燥装置及冷凝装置连接。以一个装有无水CaCl₂的U形管和一个装有五氧化二磷加玻璃棉的U形管组成干燥装置。U形管后接两个冷却到-78℃的冷阱。首先通入不含氧的干燥氮气将装置中的空气排净，然后在缓缓通入氮气的情况下，从滴液漏斗中滴入新煮沸过并已冷却的蒸馏水。调节滴水速度，使反应平稳进行，反应速度适当时，烧瓶仅稍稍升温。当气体发生的速度减慢时，可加入少量稀盐酸。反应中生成的H2Se气体在冷阱中凝聚。

硒化氢可冷凝成液体在低温下储存，也可以以气体状态储存在烧封的玻璃瓶中。

用途简介

风险类别：

2.3

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :

MX1050000

CHEMICAL NAME :

Hydrogen selenide

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :

7783-07-5

LAST UPDATED :

199712

DATA ITEMS CITED :

27

MOLECULAR FORMULA :

H2-Se

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

80.98

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :

H2 SE

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

20 mg/m3/1H

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

CTOXAO Clinical Toxicology. (New York, NY) V.1-18, 1968-81. For publisher information, see JTCTDW. Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,171,1980

TYPE OF TEST :

LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :

300 ppb/8H

REFERENCE :

34ZIAG "Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1969 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,320,1969 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-TWA 0.16 mg/m3 (0.05 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CTOXAO Clinical Toxicology. (New York, NY) V.1-18, 1968-81. For publisher information, see JTCTDW. Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,175,1972 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW 85DHAX "Medical and Biologic Effects of Environmental Pollutants Series," Washington, DC, National Academy of Sciences, 1972-77 Volume(issue)/page/year: Se,112,1976 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 0.05 ppm (0.2 mg(Se)/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 0.05 ppm (0.2 mg(Se)/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 0.05 ppm CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 0.05 ppm (0.2 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 0.05 ppm (0.2 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 0.05 ppm (0.16 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 0.01 ppm (0.05 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:STEL 0.01 ppm (0.03 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 0.02 ppm (0.08 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 0.05 ppm (0.2 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 0.05 ppm (0.17 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 0.05 ppm (0.2 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 0.05 ppm (0.2 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 0.05 ppm JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 0.01 ppm (0.03 mg/m3);STEL 0.05 ppm (0.2 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.05 ppm (0.17 mg/m3);STEL 0.1 ppm JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 0.05 ppm (0.2 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 0.05 ppm (0.2 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO HYDROGEN SELENIDE-air:10H TWA 0.05 ppm REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992

• 
  硒化氢核磁图(¹HNMR)