制备方法

1. 工业上可有多种生产方法。丙烯在磷酸或氟化硼存在下聚合得壬烯，由壬烯水合可得壬醇。丁烷-丁烯馏分中的异丁烯经二聚得二异丁烯和混合辛烯，再经羰基化而得壬醇和混合壬醇。壬酸乙酯与金属钠在乙醇溶液中还原得到壬醇。2. 溴化庚烷与环氧乙烷经下列反应可得到壬醇。3. 由壬酸乙酯与金属钠在乙醇溶液中还原而得。4. 烟草：FC，40。5.制法： 首先用24.5g(1mol)镁屑、179g(1.0mol)1-溴庚烷和300mL二丁醚①按常规方法制备Grignard试剂。冷至0℃，剧烈搅拌下，通入过滤的环氧乙烷(2)，保持反应体系的温度在0℃左右，通完后反应1h。而后升温至40℃反应1h。再水浴加热反应2h。冷却，将反应物倒入冰水中，稀硫酸酸化，以溶解生成的氢氧化镁。铵上述1-己醇的处理方法进行处理，收集95～100℃/1.6kPa的馏分，得1-壬醇(1)95g，收率69%。注：①二丁醚的纯化方法如下：依次用氢氧化钠溶液、水洗涤，无水氯化钙干燥，而后分馏，收集140～142℃的馏分。

合成制备方法

1. 工业上可有多种生产方法。丙烯在磷酸或氟化硼存在下聚合得壬烯，由壬烯水合可得壬醇。丁烷-丁烯馏分中的异丁烯经二聚得二异丁烯和混合辛烯，再经羰基化而得壬醇和混合壬醇。壬酸乙酯与金属钠在乙醇溶液中还原得到壬醇。

2. 溴化庚烷与环氧乙烷经下列反应可得到壬醇。

3. 由壬酸乙酯与金属钠在乙醇溶液中还原而得。

4. 烟草：FC，40。

5.制法：

首先用24.5g(1mol)镁屑、179g(1.0mol)1-溴庚烷和300mL二丁醚^①按常规方法制备Grignard试剂。冷至0℃，剧烈搅拌下，通入过滤的环氧乙烷(2)，保持反应体系的温度在0℃左右，通完后反应1h。而后升温至40℃反应1h。再水浴加热反应2h。冷却，将反应物倒入冰水中，稀硫酸酸化，以溶解生成的氢氧化镁。铵上述1-己醇的处理方法进行处理，收集95～100℃/1.6kPa的馏分，得1-壬醇(1)95g，收率69%。注：①二丁醚的纯化方法如下：依次用氢氧化钠溶液、水洗涤，无水氯化钙干燥，而后分馏，收集140～142℃的馏分。[1]

 

用途简介

用作硝基喷漆和磁漆的溶剂、润湿剂、消泡剂等，也用作界面活性剂及香料的制造原料。用作溶剂，用于制造增塑剂、表面活性剂、稳定剂、消泡剂。该品稍有玫瑰和橙的愉快香气，天然品以游离或酯化状态存在于甜橙、苦橙、柚和橡苔等精油中。我国 GB2760-86规定为允许使用的食用香料，主要用于本制奶油、桃、橙、柠檬、白柠檬和菠萝等型香精。用量极微。常用于烘烤食品、干酪、冰冻乳制品。

用途

1. 用作硝基喷漆和磁漆的溶剂、润湿剂、消泡剂等，也用作界面活性剂及香料的制造原料。

2. 用作溶剂，用于制造增塑剂、表面活性剂、稳定剂、消泡剂。该品稍有玫瑰和橙的愉快香气，天然品以游离或酯化状态存在于甜橙、苦橙、柚和橡苔等精油中。我国 GB2760-86规定为允许使用的食用香料，主要用于本制奶油、桃、橙、柠檬、白柠檬和菠萝等型香精。用量极微。

3. 常用于烘烤食品、干酪、冰冻乳制品。

包装等级：

III

风险类别：

9

海关代码：

2905199090

WGK_Germany：

2
德国有关水污染物质的分类清单

危险类别码：

R20;R51/53

安全说明：

S23-S24/25-S61-S29

RTECS号：

RB1575000

安全标志：

S23:不要吸入蒸汽。
S61:避免排放到环境中。参考专门的说明/安全数据表。
S24/25:防止皮肤和眼睛接触。

危险标志：

Xn:Harmful;N:Dangerousfortheenvironment;

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :

RB1575000

CHEMICAL NAME :

Nonyl alcohol

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :

143-08-8

BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :

0969213

LAST UPDATED :

199712

DATA ITEMS CITED :

16

MOLECULAR FORMULA :

C9-H20-O

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

144.29

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :

Q9

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

3560 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. (London, UK) V.1-19, 1963-81. For publisher information, see FCTOD7. Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,95,1973

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

800 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

38MKAJ "Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology," 3rd rev. ed., Clayton, G.D., and F.E. Clayton, eds., New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1978-82. Vol. 3 originally pub. in 1979; pub. as 2nd rev. ed. in 1985. Volume(issue)/page/year: 2C,4628,1982

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

6400 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

38MKAJ "Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology," 3rd rev. ed., Clayton, G.D., and F.E. Clayton, eds., New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1978-82. Vol. 3 originally pub. in 1979; pub. as 2nd rev. ed. in 1985. Volume(issue)/page/year: 2C,4628,1982

TYPE OF TEST :

LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

5500 mg/m3/2H

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

85GMAT "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects, GKNT, 1982 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,94,1982

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

800 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

38MKAJ "Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology," 3rd rev. ed., Clayton, G.D., and F.E. Clayton, eds., New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1978-82. Vol. 3 originally pub. in 1979; pub. as 2nd rev. ed. in 1985. Volume(issue)/page/year: 2C,4628,1982

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :

5660 uL/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. (London, UK) V.1-19, 1963-81. For publisher information, see FCTOD7. Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,95,1973

TYPE OF TEST :

LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - species unspecified

DOSE/DURATION :

4360 mg/m3

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 51(5),61,1986

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - species unspecified

DOSE/DURATION :

19 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 51(5),61,1986 ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

35295 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 1-15 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Fertility - female fertility index (e.g. # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated) Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

REFERENCE :

ONGZAC Ontogenez (Moscow). For English translation, see SJDBA9. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095, Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 22(1),71,1991

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

35295 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 1-15 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - biochemical and metabolic

REFERENCE :

ONGZAC Ontogenez (Moscow). For English translation, see SJDBA9. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095, Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 22(1),71,1991 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 84362 No. of Facilities: 94 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 9 No. of Employees: 21547 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 84362 No. of Facilities: 7 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 5 No. of Employees: 1557 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 276 (estimated)

毒理学数据：

1、急性毒性：大鼠经口LD50：3560 mg/kg；

             大鼠腹腔LD50：800 mg/kg；

             小鼠经口LD50：6400 mg/kg；

             小鼠腹腔LD50：800 mg/kg；

             兔子经皮LD50：5660 uL/kg。

2、   吸入毒性：小鼠LC50：5500 mg/m³/2H。动物实验中发现能引起中枢神经和肝脏障碍。

生态数据：

该物质对环境可能有危害，对水体应给予特别注意。

中国海关编码：2905199090

概述：

2905199090. 其他饱和一元醇. 增值税率:17.0%. 退税率:13.0%. 监管条件:无. 最惠国关税:5.5%. 普通关税:30.0%

申报要素：

品名, 成分含量, 用途, 包装

摘要/Summary：

2905199090. saturated monohydric alcohols. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. . MFN tariff:5.5%. General tariff:30.0%

分子结构数据

1、  摩尔折射率：45.27

2、  摩尔体积（cm³/mol）：174.6

3、  等张比容（90.2K）：406.9

4、  表面张力（dyne/cm）：29.5

5、  极化率（10^-24cm³）：17.95

计算化学数据

1.疏水参数计算参考值（XlogP）:无

2.氢键供体数量:1

3.氢键受体数量:1

4.可旋转化学键数量:7

5.互变异构体数量:无

6.拓扑分子极性表面积20.2

7.重原子数量:10

8.表面电荷:0

9.复杂度:52.7

10.同位素原子数量:0

11.确定原子立构中心数量:0

12.不确定原子立构中心数量:0

13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0

14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

15.共价键单元数量:1

• 
  1-壬醇红外图谱(IR1)
• 
  1-壬醇质谱(MS)
• 
  1-壬醇核磁图(¹³CNMR)
• 
  1-壬醇Raman光谱
• 
  1-壬醇核磁图(¹HNMR)