制备方法

由青霉素降解或合成制得。由青霉素G钾盐水解而得。

合成制备方法

由青霉素降解或合成制得。由青霉素G钾盐水解而得。

用途简介

D-青霉胺用于制药，医药中间体，主治风湿性关节炎、慢性活动性肝炎、硬皮病、口眼干燥、关节炎综合征等自身免疫性疾病，可见有明显的疗效。对类风湿性关节炎，可减轻关节疼痛、肿胀及渗液情况，晨起关节僵硬、血沈率等临床症状明显改善，一般需经数周方可显效，过早停药易于复发。可使慢性活动性肝炎病人转氨酶下降或转为正常。D-青霉胺可用于治疗硬皮病，可使皮肤胶原交叉联结减少，张力增加。

用途

为铜、汞、铜等重金属解毒药，亦用于治疗因铜在组织沉积所致的肝豆状核变性（Wilson氏病）和类风湿性关节炎等自身免疫性疾病。对青霉素过敏、造血功能障碍、肾功能减退患者禁用。

海关代码：

2930909090

WGK_Germany：

2
德国有关水污染物质的分类清单

危险类别码：

R36/37/38

安全说明：

S26-S36-S24/25

RTECS号：

YV9425000

安全标志：

S26:万一接触眼睛，立即使用大量清水冲洗并送医诊治。
S36:穿戴合适的防护服装。

危险标志：

Xi,T,Xn

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :

YV9425000

CHEMICAL NAME :

Valine, 3-mercapto-, D-

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :

52-67-5

LAST UPDATED :

199609

DATA ITEMS CITED :

47

MOLECULAR FORMULA :

C5-H11-N-O2-S

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

149.23

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :

SHX1&1&YZVQ -D

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :

900 mg/kg/26W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, other (after systemic exposure)

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :

650 gm/kg/81W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - muscle weakness Musculoskeletal - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :

112 mg/kg/1W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Blood - agranulocytosis Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, other (after systemic exposure) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature increase

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :

105 mg/kg/6W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, other (after systemic exposure)

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :

400 mg/kg/4W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Blood - hemorrhage

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :

150 mg/kg/30D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - muscle weakness Cardiac - arrhythmias (including changes in conduction) Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human

DOSE/DURATION :

21 mg/kg/D

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - proteinuria Blood - leukopenia Blood - thrombocytopenia

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human

DOSE/DURATION :

893 mg/kg/30W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - muscle weakness Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Musculoskeletal - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - child

DOSE/DURATION :

40 mg/kg/1W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Blood - leukopenia Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, other (after systemic exposure) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature increase

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :

482 mg/kg/19W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Blood - thrombocytopenia Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, other (after systemic exposure)

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

6170 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

2080 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

4020 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

2 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

720 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

298 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

3810 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

3840 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

4480 mg/kg/3W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Liver - other changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

23400 mg/kg/26W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition Blood - normocytic anemia Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

40320 mg/kg/12W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Spinal Cord - other degenerative changes Autonomic Nervous System - other (direct) parasympathomimetic Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - changes in metals, not otherwise specified

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - child

DOSE/DURATION :

122 gm/kg/3Y-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Blood - leukemia

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

2 gm/kg/4W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Blood - leukemia Blood - lymphoma, including Hodgkin's disease

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Unreported

DOSE :

6480 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 1-39 week(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial (including nose and tongue) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - skin and skin appendages Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - body wall

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

9130 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 1-22 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - other effects to embryo

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

1870 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 1-22 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - other neonatal measures or effects

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

41 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :

male 60 day(s) pre-mating female 14 day(s) pre-mating - 7 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Fertility - mating performance (e.g. # sperm positive females per # females mated; # copulations per # estrus cycles) Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive - Fertility - other measures of fertility

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

1750 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 17-22 day(s) after conception lactating female 21 day(s) post-birth

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - sex ratio

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

1375 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 7-17 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

9130 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 1-22 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - skin and skin appendages Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

8715 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 1-21 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - respiratory system

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

DOSE :

5 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 15-19 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

20160 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 1-21 day(s) after conception lactating female 21 day(s) post-birth

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - weaning or lactation index (e.g., # alive at weaning per # alive at day 4) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - other neonatal measures or effects Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

10080 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 1-21 day(s) after conception lactating female 21 day(s) post-birth

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - other postnatal measures or effects

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

20 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 10-14 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

16 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 10-14 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial (including nose and tongue)

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

3200 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 7 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

4 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 7 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

Sister chromatid exchange

TEST SYSTEM :

Rodent - hamster Lung

DOSE/DURATION :

1 gm/L

REFERENCE :

MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 190,197,1987 *** REVIEWS *** TOXICOLOGY REVIEW LANCAO Lancet. (7 Adam St., London WC2N 6AD, UK) V.1- 1823- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,673,1971 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW PBPSDY Pharmacological and Biochemical Properties of Drug Substances. (American Pharmaceutical Assoc., 2215 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20037) V.1- 1977- Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,465,1979 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X4379 No. of Facilities: 41 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 11 No. of Employees: 4077 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 1600 (estimated)

毒理学数据：

半数致死量（大鼠，经口）＞10000mg/kg。小鼠静脉注射LD50为2289mg、kg。

中国海关编码：2930909090

概述：

2930909090. 其他有机硫化合物. 增值税率:17.0%. 退税率:13.0%. 监管条件:无. 最惠国关税:6.5%. 普通关税:30.0%

申报要素：

品名, 成分含量, 用途

摘要/Summary：

2930909090. other organo-sulphur compounds. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. . MFN tariff:6.5%. General tariff:30.0%

分子结构数据

1、  摩尔折射率：38.13

2、  摩尔体积（cm³/mol）：123.8

3、  等张比容（90.2K）：326.2

4、  表面张力（dyne/cm）：48.1

5、  极化率（10-24cm3）：15.11

计算化学数据

1.疏水参数计算参考值（XlogP）:无

2.氢键供体数量:3

3.氢键受体数量:4

4.可旋转化学键数量:2

5.互变异构体数量:无

6.拓扑分子极性表面积64.3

7.重原子数量:9

8.表面电荷:0

9.复杂度:124

10.同位素原子数量:0

11.确定原子立构中心数量:1

12.不确定原子立构中心数量:0

13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0

14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

15.共价键单元数量:1

• 
  D-(-)-青霉胺红外图谱(IR1)
• 
  D-(-)-青霉胺红外图谱(IR2)
• 
  D-(-)-青霉胺质谱(MS)