镉
- 中文名称：
- 镉
- 中文别名：
- 镉;
镉粒/镉粉/高纯镉;
水质镉标样
- 英文名称：
- Cadmium
- 英文别名：
- cadmium atom;
CADMIUM
- CAS No.：
- 7440-43-9
- 分 子 式：
-
Cd
- 分 子 量：
- 112.411
- 精确分子量：
- 113.90300
- PSA：
- 0.00000
- MDL：
- MFCD00010914
- EINECS：
- 231-152-8
- BRN：
- 8137359
- InChI：
- InChI=1/Cd/q+23
- 危险品标志：
-
Xn:Harmful
N:Dangerous for the environment
Xn:Harmful
N:Dangerous for the environment- 分子结构式：
-
- SDS：
- 查看
镉 制备方法及用途
合成制备方法
1.以工业镉为原料，用电解法提纯。将镉棒放入硫酸镉（分析纯）饱和溶液中，作为阳极，用铂板作为阴极，溶液用少量的硫酸酸化，控制两级间电压4-5V，电流密度0.01A每平方厘米，搅拌下进行点解。点解过程中要不断取出阴极析出的镉，先经水洗，然后将其熔化，倒在干净的钢面上静置固化即可。若要知趣颗粒镉，则在熔化后滴入水中。
用途
1.用于制镉盐、镉蒸气灯、烟幕弹、镉汞剂、颜料、合金、电镀镉、焊药、标准电池、冶金去氧剂等。为半导体用高纯材料，用于制备高纯镉盐，用作高纯试剂。
2.用作还原剂，也用于镉盐及合金的制造。
3.用于半导体、高纯合金、电池、焊料、核反应堆的控制棒以及用于高纯试剂及高纯镉盐的制备。半导体用高纯材料，用于制备高纯镉盐，用作高纯试剂。
4.制造镉气灯、电极、光电池及太阳紫外线计光器原材料。
镉 物化性质
- 外观与性状：
- 银色的白色金属
- 密度：
- 8.64
- 熔点：
- 321ºC
- 沸点：
- 765ºC
- 存储条件/存储方法：
- 库房通风低温干燥,与食品原料分开储运存放
- 稳定性相关：
(1)室温状态下性质稳定。但应避免与空气、氧化剂、酸类、硫、锌、钾等接触。应贮存在阴凉、通风、干燥、清洁的库房内。不溶于水、强碱，缓慢溶于热盐酸、冷浓硫酸，易溶于硝酸铵溶液。在潮湿空气中表面缓慢氧化，形成氧化镉薄膜。加热燃烧呈红色火焰。在高温下与卤素作用剧烈。加热能与硫直接化合，但不能与氢和氮化合。镉的烟尘和化合物毒性很大。
(2)具有还原性。
(3)镉在加热下能与卤素及其他一些非金属元素如硫、硒、磷等直接反应，但与氢、氮、碳等不能直接作用。
- 其它信息：
1. 性状：呈银白色，略带淡蓝光泽，质软，富有延展性。
2. 密度（g/mL,20℃）8.642
3. 相对蒸汽密度（g/mL,空气=1）：未确定
4. 熔点（ºC）：320.9
5. 沸点（ºC,常压）：765
6. 沸点（ºC,5.2kPa）：未确定
7. 折射率：未确定
8. 闪点（ºC）：未确定
9. 比旋光度（º）：未确定
10. 自燃点或引燃温度（ºC）：未确定
11. 蒸气压（mHg, ºC）：未确定
12. 饱和蒸气压（kPa, 394ºC）：0.13
13. 燃烧热（KJ/mol）：未确定
14. 临界温度（ºC）：未确定
15. 临界压力（KPa）：未确定
16. 油水（辛醇/水）分配系数的对数值：未确定
17. 爆炸上限（%,V/V）：未确定
18. 爆炸下限（%,V/V）：未确定
19. 溶解性：易溶于稀硝酸， 缓溶于盐酸， 溶于硝酸铵溶液和热浓硫酸， 难溶于冷浓硫酸， 不溶于碱溶液。
镉 安全信息
- 包装等级：
- III
- 危险类别码：
- R20/21/22;R50/53
- 安全说明：
- S60-S61
- 危险标志：
- Xn:Harmful
镉 毒理性
CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION
- RTECS NUMBER :
- EU9800000
- CHEMICAL NAME :
- Cadmium
- CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
- 7440-43-9
- LAST UPDATED :
- 199712
- DATA ITEMS CITED :
- 110
- MOLECULAR FORMULA :
- Cd
- MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
- 112.40
- WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
- .CD
HEALTH HAZARD DATA
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - man
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 88 ug/m3/8.6Y
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - proteinuria
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 39 mg/m3/20M
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Cardiac - other changes Vascular - thrombosis distant from injection site Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Unreported
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - man
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 15 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 2330 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 25 mg/m3/30M
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Unreported
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1140 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 890 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 5700 ug/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Unreported
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 890 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 70 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Subcutaneous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 6 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intravenous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 5 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 546 mg/kg/26W-C
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - transaminases
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1512 mg/kg/48W-C
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Liver - other changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - changes in metals, not otherwise specified
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Mammal - pig
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 21880 mg/kg/78W-C
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Vascular - BP elevation not characterized in autonomic section
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - woman
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 129 ug/m3/20Y-C
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Subcutaneous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 3372 ug/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intramuscular
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 40 mg/kg/4W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Musculoskeletal - tumors Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Unreported
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1200 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Reproductive - Tumorigenic effects - testicular tumors Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intramuscular
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 70 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Blood - lymphoma, including Hodgkin's disease Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intramuscular
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 63 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Blood - lymphoma, including Hodgkin's disease Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intramuscular
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 45 mg/kg/4W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Musculoskeletal - tumors Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 155 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- male 13 week(s) pre-mating female 13 week(s) pre-mating - 3 week(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 220 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 1-22 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - other effects to embryo
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 21500 ug/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- multigenerations
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - germ cell effects (in offspring)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 23 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 1-22 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - blood and lymphatic systems (including spleen and marrow)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- DOSE :
- 1124 ug/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- male 1 day(s) pre-mating
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Subcutaneous
- DOSE :
- 250 ug/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 19 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - biochemical and metabolic
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intravenous
- DOSE :
- 1250 ug/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 14 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - body wall Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intravenous
- DOSE :
- 1250 ug/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 9 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - eye/ear
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intravenous
- DOSE :
- 8 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 8-15 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 448 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- multigenerations
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 1700 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 8-12 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- DOSE :
- 1686 ug/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 7 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Parenteral
- DOSE :
- 2 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 8 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial (including nose and tongue)
MUTATION DATA
- TYPE OF TEST :
- Cytogenetic analysis
- TEST SYSTEM :
- Rodent - hamster Ovary
- REFERENCE :
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Hildebrandt, eds., Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 1983 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,57,1983 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW 43QNAO "Cadmium in the Environment," Nriagu, J.O., ed., 2 vols., New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1980-81 Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,743,1981 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 0.2 mg/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,35,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):see CFR 29,1910.1027 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):see CFR 29,1926.1127 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):see CFR 29,1915.1027 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 0.2 mg(Cd)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 0.05 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 0.05 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 0.05 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 0.01 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 0.02 mg/m3;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-INDIA:TWA 0.05 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 0.05 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 0.02 mg/m3;STEL 0.1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 0.2 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 0.01 mg/m3;STEL 0.05 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 0.02 mg/m3;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.05 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THAILAND:TWA 0.2 mg/m3;STEL 0.5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 0.2 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 0.01 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO CADMIUM, dust and fume-air:CA lowest feasible conc. REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - T0608 No. of Facilities: 48 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 1 No. of Employees: 96 (estimated) NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 15570 No. of Facilities: 1256 (estimated) No. of Industries: 41 No. of Occupations: 50 No. of Employees: 14717 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - T0608 No. of Facilities: 25 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 3 No. of Employees: 335 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 22 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X2776 No. of Facilities: 248 (estimated) No. of Industries: 5 No. of Occupations: 6 No. of Employees: 3893 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 1887 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X5979 No. of Facilities: 95 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 2 No. of Employees: 486 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 15570 No. of Facilities: 4811 (estimated) No. of Industries: 77 No. of Occupations: 64 No. of Employees: 88968 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 14541 (estimated)
- 毒理学数据：
IARC评价为可疑致癌物。吸入镉燃烧形成的氧化镉烟雾，可引起急性肺水肿和化学性肺炎。个别病例可伴有肝、肾损害。对眼有刺激性。
- 生态数据：
水中浓度 0.1mg/L时，使 BOD5 降低。镉从不同来源到储留地及最终进入有机体的主要输送，可经大气、水悬浮的沉积物、土地施用及废物堆置。暂时性固定于水生系统的底质和悬浮物质中的痕量金属镉，主要对水生生物产生毒效应。镉浓度大于 2mg/L时，水出现诨浊，浓度25mg/L时，水有涩味。
镉 MSDS
| 第一部分：化学品名称 |
| 化学品中文名称： | 镉 |
| 化学品英文名称： | Cadmium /colloidal cadmium |
| 中文俗名或商品名： | |
| Synonyms： | |
| CAS No.： | 7440-43-9 |
| 分子式： | Cd |
| 分子量： | 112.41 |
| 第二部分：成分/组成信息 |
| 纯化学品 混合物 | ||||||
| 化学品名称：镉 | ||||||
|
| 第三部分：危险性概述 |
| 危险性类别： | |
| 侵入途径： | |
| 健康危害： | 吸入镉烟雾，可引起急性肺水肿和化学性肺炎。个别病例可伴有肝、肾损害。对眼有刺激性。用镀镉器调制或贮存酸性食物或饮料，食入后可引起急性中毒症状。有恶心、呕吐、腹痛、腹泻、大汗、虚脱，甚至抽搐、休克。长期吸入较高浓度镉引起职业性慢性镉中毒。临床表现有肺气肿、嗅觉丧失、牙釉黄色环、肾损害、骨软化症等。 |
| 环境危害： | 对环境有严重危害，对水体、土壤和大气可造成污染。 |
| 燃爆危险： | 本品易燃，具刺激性。 |
| 第四部分：急救措施 |
| 皮肤接触： | 脱去污染的衣着，用流动清水冲洗。 |
| 眼睛接触： | 提起眼睑，用流动清水或生理盐水冲洗。就医。 |
| 吸入： | 迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。保持呼吸道通畅。如呼吸困难，给输氧。如呼吸停止，立即进行人工呼吸。就医。 |
| 食入： | 饮足量温水，催吐。洗胃，导泄。就医。 |
| 第五部分：消防措施 |
| 危险特性： | 其粉体遇高热、明火能燃烧甚至爆炸。 |
| 有害燃烧产物： | 氧化镉。 |
| 灭火方法及灭火剂： | 在上风向灭火。灭火剂：干粉、砂土。 |
| 消防员的个体防护： | 消防人员须佩戴防毒面具、穿全身消防服 |
| 禁止使用的灭火剂： | |
| 闪点(℃)： | 无资料 |
| 自燃温度(℃)： | 无资料 |
| 爆炸下限[%(V/V)]： | |
| 爆炸上限[%(V/V)]： | |
| 最小点火能(mJ)： | |
| 爆燃点： | |
| 爆速： | |
| 最大燃爆压力(MPa)： | |
| 建规火险分级： |
| 第六部分：泄漏应急处理 |
| 应急处理： | 无资料 |
| 第七部分：操作处置与储存 |
| 操作注意事项： | 操作人员必须经过专门培训，严格遵守操作规程。建议操作人员佩戴自吸过滤式防尘口罩，戴化学安全防护眼镜，穿防毒物渗透工作服，戴橡胶手套。远离火种、热源，工作场所严禁吸烟。使用防爆型的通风系统和设备。避免产生粉尘。避免与氧化剂、酸类接触。搬运时轻装轻卸，保持包装完整，防止洒漏。配备相应品种和数量的消防器材及泄漏应急处理设备。倒空的容器可能残留有害物。 |
| 储存注意事项： | 储存于阴凉、通风的库房。远离火种、热源。包装要求密封，不可与空气接触。应与氧化剂、酸类等分开存放，切忌混储。采用防爆型照明、通风设施。禁止使用易产生火花的机械设备和工具。储区应备有合适的材料收容泄漏物。 |
| 第八部分：接触控制/个体防护 |
| 最高容许浓度： | 中国MAC(mg/m3)： 未制定标准 前苏联MAC(mg/m3)： 0.05，0.01[班平均] TLVTN： TLVWN： |
| 监测方法： | 石墨炉原子吸收光谱法 |
| 工程控制： | 一般不需要特殊防护，但需防止烟尘危害。 |
| 呼吸系统防护： | 空气中粉尘浓度超标时，必须佩戴自吸过滤式防尘口罩。紧急事态抢救或撤离时，应该佩戴空气呼吸器。 |
| 眼睛防护： | 戴化学安全防护眼镜。 |
| 身体防护： | 穿防毒物渗透工作服。 |
| 手防护： | 戴橡胶手套。 |
| 其他防护： |
| 第九部分：理化特性 |
| 外观与性状： | 无资料 |
| pH： | |
| 熔点(℃)： | 320.9 |
| 沸点(℃)： | 765 |
| 相对密度(水=1)： | 8.64 |
| 相对蒸气密度(空气=1)： | 无资料 |
| 饱和蒸气压(kPa)： | 0.13(394℃) |
| 燃烧热(kJ/mol)： | 无资料 |
| 临界温度(℃)： | 无资料 |
| 临界压力(MPa)： | 无资料 |
| 辛醇/水分配系数的对数值： | |
| 闪点(℃)： | 无资料 |
| 引燃温度(℃)： | 无资料 |
| 爆炸上限%(V/V)： | |
| 爆炸下限%(V/V)： | |
| 分子式： | Cd |
| 分子量： | 112.41 |
| 蒸发速率： | |
| 粘性： | |
| 溶解性： | |
| 主要用途： | 用于电镀工业, 也用于制造合金、电池、焊料及半导体材料等。 |
| 第十部分：稳定性和反应活性 |
| 稳定性： | 在常温常压下 |
| 禁配物： | 氧化剂、酸类、硫、锌、钾等。 |
| 避免接触的条件： | |
| 聚合危害： | |
| 分解产物： |
| 第十一部分：毒理学资料 |
| 急性毒性： | LD50：无资料 LC50：无资料 |
| 急性中毒： | |
| 慢性中毒： | |
| 亚急性和慢性毒性： | |
| 刺激性： | |
| 致敏性： | |
| 致突变性： | |
| 致畸性： | |
| 致癌性： |
| 第十二部分：生态学资料 |
| 生态毒理毒性： | 水中浓度 0.1mg/L时，使 BOD5 降低。 |
| 生物降解性： | |
| 非生物降解性： | |
| 生物富集或生物积累性： | 镉从不同来源到储留地及最终进入有机体的主要输送，可经大气、水悬浮的沉积物、土地施用及废物堆置。暂时性固定于水生系统的底质和悬浮物质中的痕量金属镉，主要对水生生物产生毒效应。镉浓度大于 2mg/L时，水出现诨浊，浓度25mg/L时，水有涩味。 |
| 第十三部分：废弃处置 |
| 废弃物性质： | 无资料 |
| 废弃处置方法： | 无资料 |
| 废弃注意事项： | 无资料 |
| 第十四部分：运输信息 |
|
|
| 危险货物编号： | 无资料 |
| UN编号： | 无资料 |
| 包装标志： | |
| 包装类别： | |
| 包装方法： | 无资料 |
| 运输注意事项： | 起运时包装要完整，装载应稳妥。运输过程中要确保容器不泄漏、不倒塌、不坠落、不损坏。严禁与氧化剂、酸类、食用化学品等混装混运。运输途中应防曝晒、雨淋，防高温。运输时运输车辆应配备相应品种和数量的消防器材及泄漏应急处理设备。装运本品的车辆排气管须有阻火装置。中途停留时应远离火种、热源。车辆运输完毕应进行彻底清扫。铁路运输时要禁止溜放。 |
| RETCS号： | |
| IMDG规则页码： |
| 第十五部分：法规信息 |
| 国内化学品安全管理法规： | |
| 国际化学品安全管理法规： |
| 第十六部分：其他信息 |
| 参考文献： | |
| 填表时间： | 2004年12月8日 |
| 填表部门： | 无资料 |
| 数据审核单位： | 无资料 |
| 修改说明： | 无资料 |
| 其他信息： | |
| MSDS修改日期： | 1900年1月1日 |
镉 分子结构与计算化学数据
计算化学数据
1.疏水参数计算参考值（XlogP）:无
2.氢键供体数量:0
3.氢键受体数量:0
4.可旋转化学键数量:0
5.互变异构体数量:无
6.拓扑分子极性表面积0
7.重原子数量:1
8.表面电荷:0
9.复杂度:0
10.同位素原子数量:0
11.确定原子立构中心数量:0
12.不确定原子立构中心数量:0
13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0
14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0
15.共价键单元数量:1