Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - acute pulmonary edema
Liver - liver function tests impaired
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure,
acute tubular necrosis)
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - man
DOSE/DURATION :
3380 uL/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - fibrosis, focal (pneumoconiosis)
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - sputum
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human
DOSE/DURATION :
214 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - chronic pulmonary edema
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION :
3 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - headache
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cough
Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - man
DOSE/DURATION :
32 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
Gastrointestinal - other changes
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - man
DOSE/DURATION :
43 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - other changes
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in both tubules and glomeruli
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - urine volume decreased
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION :
111 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
Gastrointestinal - ulceration or bleeding from stomach
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure,
acute tubular necrosis)
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
57 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
80 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
26 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Brain and Coverings - recordings from specific areas of CNS
Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay)
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory stimulation
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
27 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
21 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - acute pulmonary edema
Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea
Skin and Appendages - hair
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
120 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - fibrosis (interstitial)
Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - lipids including transport
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
20 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - acute pulmonary edema
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
37 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
180 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION :
25 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION :
34500 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea
Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Primate - monkey
DOSE/DURATION :
50 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - emphysema
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure,
acute tubular necrosis)
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION :
35 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
325 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Skin and Appendages - cutaneous sensitization, experimental (after topical
exposure)
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
18 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - excitement
Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay)
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Ocular
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
100 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - pig
DOSE/DURATION :
30 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
22 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
3 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Bird - chicken
DOSE/DURATION :
362 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Bird - duck
DOSE/DURATION :
199 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Bird - duck
DOSE/DURATION :
600 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Parenteral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Amphibian - frog
DOSE/DURATION :
260 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Bird - turkey
DOSE/DURATION :
250 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Bird - turkey
DOSE/DURATION :
375 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Bird - turkey
DOSE/DURATION :
20 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Bird - turkey
DOSE/DURATION :
12500 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - domestic
DOSE/DURATION :
30 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - domestic
DOSE/DURATION :
1 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
608 mg/kg/19W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - other changes
Endocrine - hypoglycemia
Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
levels - transaminases
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
1638 mg/kg/13W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Cardiac - changes in heart weight
Liver - changes in liver weight
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
187 mg/kg/30D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Blood - pigmented or nucleated red blood cells
Blood - changes in leukocyte (WBC) count
Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
levels - transaminases
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
232 mg/kg/15D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - changes in lung weight
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - other proteins
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
13140 mg/kg/2Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
Blood - changes in leukocyte (WBC) count
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
3276 mg/kg/13W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - changes in lung weight
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
64 mg/kg/14D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes
Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - lipids including transport
Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
400 ug/m3/6H/3W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
149 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 7-17 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Maternal Effects - other effects
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
14 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-3 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Maternal Effects - parturition
Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in
number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)
Reproductive - Fertility - other measures of fertility
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
300 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-3 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
resorbed implants per total number of implants)
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - live birth index (measured after birth)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
14 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-3 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - stillbirth
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
DOSE :
6500 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
DOSE :
7 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 21 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - cardiovascular
(circulatory) system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
1163 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION :
multigeneration
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - female fertility index (e.g. # females pregnant
per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
1785 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION :
multigeneration
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - other postnatal measures or effects
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
DOSE :
30150 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 8-16 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
resorbed implants per total number of implants)
TYPE OF TEST :
Specific locus test
TYPE OF TEST :
Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction
TYPE OF TEST :
Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified
TYPE OF TEST :
DNA inhibition
MUTATION DATA
TYPE OF TEST :
Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified
TEST SYSTEM :
Bird - chicken Liver
DOSE/DURATION :
50 mg/L
REFERENCE :
EJTXAZ European Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Hygiene. (Paris,
France) V.7-9, 1974-76. For publisher information, see TOERD9.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,226,1975
*** REVIEWS ***
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
FEPRA7 Federation Proceedings, Federation of American Societies for
Experimental Biology. (Bethesda, MD) V.1-46, 1942-87.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 35,89,1976
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
CNDQA8 Cahiers de Nutrition et de Dietetique. (Editions Meteore, 42, rue du
Louvre, 75001 Paris, France) V.1- 1966- Volume(issue)/page/year:
10(3),43,1975
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
CRTXB2 CRC Critical Reviews in Toxicology. (CRC Press, Inc., 2000 Corporate
Blvd., NW, Boca Raton, FL 33431) V.1- 1971- Volume(issue)/page/year:
1(1),93,1971
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
DTTIAF Deutsche Tieraerztliche Wochenschrift. (Hanover, Fed. Rep. Ger.)
V.1-77, 1893-1970. Volume(issue)/page/year: 80,485,1973
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
FNSCA6 Forensic Science. (Lausanne, Switzerland) V.1-11, 1972-78. For pub
lisher information, see FSINDR. Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,67,1973
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
EVHPAZ EHP, Environmental Health Perspectives. (U.S. Government Printing
Office, Supt of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) No.1- 1972-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,121,1976
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
AJHPA9 American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy. (American Soc. of Hospital
Pharmacists, 4630 Montgomery Ave., Bethesda, MD 20814) V.15- 1958-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 35,1368,1978
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
CTOXAO Clinical Toxicology. (New York, NY) V.1-18, 1968-81. For publisher
information, see JTCTDW. Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,1,1979
*** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS ***
EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION
FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of
Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year:
54,7740,1989
OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 0.5 mg/m3 (skin), respirable dust
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,1910.1000,1994
OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 0.5 mg/m3 (skin), respirable dust
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,1926.55,1994
OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 0.5 mg/m3 (skin), respirable dust
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,1915.1000,1993
*** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS ***
OEL-DENMARK:TWA 0.1 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-GERMANY:TWA 0.1 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.1 mg/m3;STEL 0.2 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 0.1 mg/m3 JAN 1993
OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV
OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
*** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***
NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA :
NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974)
NOHS Hazard Code - 84723
No. of Facilities: 699 (estimated)
No. of Industries: 2
No. of Occupations: 3
No. of Employees: 873 (estimated)
1.周国泰,化学危险品安全技术全书,化学工业出版社,1997 2.国家环保局有毒化学品管理办公室、北京化工研究院合编,化学品毒性法规环境数据手册,中国环境科学出版社.1992 3.Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety,CHEMINFO Database.1998 4.Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, RTECS Database, 1989