三氯乙烯
- 中文名称：
- 三氯乙烯
- 中文别名：
- 三氯乙烯;
三氯代乙烯
- 英文名称：
- Ethene,1,1,2-trichloro-
- 英文别名：
- trichloroethene;
Trichloroethylene
- CAS No.：
- 79-01-6
- 分 子 式：
-
C2HCl3
- 分 子 量：
- 131.39
- 精确分子量：
- 129.91400
- PSA：
- 0.00000
- MDL：
- MFCD00000838
- EINECS：
- 201-167-4
- BRN：
- 1736782
- InChI：
- The Key: XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N3
- 危险品标志：
-
T:Toxic
T:Toxic- 分子结构式：
-
- SDS：
- 查看
三氯乙烯 制备方法及用途
制备方法
-
用于化学清洗、工业脱脂、化工原料。
合成制备方法
1.乙炔法 此法以电石发生的乙炔和氯气为原料、四氯化碳为稀释剂、三氯化铁为催化剂液相合成1,1,2,2-四氯乙烷，再加石灰乳脱氯化氢，得粗三氯乙烯，经粗馏、精馏，即得产品。因乙炔价格昂贵，大多转用乙烯法。
2.乙烯直接氯化法 经直接氯化得四氯乙烷和五氯乙烷的混合物，通过对其进行气相裂解制取三氯乙烯和四氯乙烯。其主要反应式如下：
3.乙烯氧氯化法 此法以乙烯、氧气（或空气）、氯气为原料，经催化氯化氧化得三氯乙烯产品，同时还可得四氯乙烯。其主要反应式如下：
用途简介
用途
1.三氯乙烯主要用作金属脱脂和羊毛及织物的干洗剂。是一种优良溶剂，可用作苯和汽油的代用品。树脂、沥青、煤焦油、醋酸纤维素、硝化纤维素、橡胶和涂料等的溶剂。在医药上用作麻醉剂，农药上是合成一氯醋酸的原料。在工业上用于金属清洗（脱脂彻底）和纤维脱除油脂，和脂肪、油、石蜡等的萃取剂。利用其溶解力强的特性，常用于清除难于清除的污垢，如半硬化的清漆、涂层剖光剂、较厚的助焊剂。也用于萃取剂、溶剂和低温导热油介质。还用作涂料稀释剂、脱漆剂、制冷剂、醇的脱水蒸馏添加剂、麻醉剂、镇静剂、杀虫剂、杀菌剂、熏蒸剂以及有机合成中间体等。作为原料中间体可用于生产四氯乙烯、氯乙酸、二氯乙酰氯、八氯二丙醚，HCFC----123、HCFC---124、HFC---125、HFC---134a等。
2.用作溶剂，用于金属表面的去油污、干洗衣物、植物和矿物油的提取、制备药物、有机合成以及溶解油脂、橡胶、树脂和生物碱等。在脱脂、冷冻、农药、香料、橡胶工业、洗涤织物等领域有广泛应用。
3.是一种优良的溶剂，为苯和汽油的良好代用品。用作胶黏剂的溶剂、涂料的稀释剂、脱漆剂、醇的脱水蒸馏添加剂、麻醉剂、冷冻剂、镇静剂、杀虫剂、杀菌剂、熏蒸剂，还用作金属的脱脂剂和脂肪、油、石蜡的萃取剂以及有机合成中间体等。
4.用作溶剂，用于脱脂、冷冻、农药、香料、橡胶工业、洗涤织物等。[34]
三氯乙烯 物化性质
- 外观与性状：
- 无色透明流动液体,带有像氯仿一样的气味
- 密度：
- 1.463 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
- 熔点：
- -86 °C
- 沸点：
- 87 °C
- 闪点：
- 90°C
- 水溶解性：
- Slightly soluble. 0.11 g/100 mL
- 折射率：
- n20/D 1.476(lit.)
- 蒸汽密度：
- 4.5 (vs air)
- 存储条件/存储方法：
- 库房通风低温干燥,与食品添加剂分开存放
- 稳定性相关：
1.化学性质：不含稳定剂的三氯乙烯逐渐在空气中被氧化，生成光气，一氧化碳和氯化氢。也有可能生成少量二聚物（六氯丁烯）。反应按游离基历程进行，光照和加热明显地促进反应进行。有水分存在时，二氯乙酰氯分解成二氯代乙酸和氯化氢。分解生成的酸性物质腐蚀金属。因此，通常工业所用的三氯乙烯需加入微量的稳定剂如酚类（对苯二酚）、胺类或醇类等。添加稳定剂的三氯乙烯在空气、水分和光存在下，即使加热至130℃与一般工业用金属材料也不作用。
2.三氯乙烯蒸气加热至700℃以上，分解生成二氯乙烯、四氯乙烯、四氯化碳、氯仿以及氯甲烷的混合物。三氯乙烯蒸气与空气一起受强烈时，完全氧化生成二氧化碳、氯化氢、一氧化碳和光气等。在有铜盐存在时，三氯乙烯在加压下加热175℃，与碱金属或碱土金属的氢氧化物水溶液或悬浊液反应，生成羟基乙酸盐。冷时与盐酸及硝酸不反应，加热时与浓硝酸激烈反应而完全分解，控制反应条件可得到三氯硝基甲烷和一氯二硝基甲烷。在三氯化铝催化作用下，30~50℃与氯化氢反应，生成1,1,1,2-四氯乙烷。在苛性碱存在下易发生脱氯化氢反应生成二氯乙炔，二氯乙炔在空气中自燃并爆炸分解。碳酸钠及液态氨在通常条件下与三氯乙烯不反应。金属铝，特别是粉末状的金属铝，能促使不含稳定剂的三氯乙烯发生分解，生成氯化氢的同时，发生强烈的爆炸分解或炭化。反应先生成三氯化铝，三氯化铝作为Friedel Crafts催化剂促使三氯乙烯发生缩合反应，生成五氯丁二烯，进一步缩合成树脂、焦油。在三氯化铝存在下，三氯乙烯与氯仿反应，生成1,1,1,2,3,3-六氯丙烷。与四氯化碳反应生成1,1,1,2,3,3,3-七氯丙烷。在过氧化物，例如过氧化苯甲酰存在下，加压加热至150~200℃，得到三氯乙烯的二聚物和三聚物。在三氯化铁催化下，易氯化生成五氯乙烷和六氯乙烷。
3.稳定性[28] 稳定
4.禁配物[29] 强氧化剂、强还原剂、强碱、铝、镁
5.避免接触的条件[30] 光照、紫外线
6.聚合危害[31] 聚合
7.分解产物[32] 氯化氢
- 其它信息：
1.性状：无色透明液体，有似氯仿的气味。[1]
2.熔点（℃）：-84.7~-73[2]
3.沸点（℃）：87.1[3]
4.相对密度（水=1）：1.46（20℃）[4]
5.相对蒸气密度（空气=1）：4.54[5]
6.饱和蒸气压（kPa）：7.87（20℃）[6]
7.燃烧热（kJ/mol）：-961.4[7]
8.临界温度（℃）：299[8]
9.临界压力（MPa）：5.02[9]
10.辛醇/水分配系数：2.42[10]
11.闪点（℃）：32[11]
12.引燃温度（℃）：420[12]
13.爆炸上限（%）：90.0[13]
14.爆炸下限（%）：12.5[14]
15.溶解性：不溶于水，溶于乙醇、乙醚，可混溶于多数有机溶剂。[15]
16.黏度（mPa·s,20ºC）：0.58
17.燃点（ºC,空气中）：425
18.燃点（ºC,氧气中）：396
19.蒸发热（KJ/mol,b.p.）：31.49
20.生成热（KJ/mol,25ºC,气体）：5.86
21.比热容（KJ/(kg·K),20ºC,定压）：0.93
22.电导率（S/m）：8×10-12
23.热导率（W/(m·K)）：0.1386
24.体膨胀系数（K-1,0~40ºC）：0.00117
25.溶度参数(J·cm-3)0.5：18.760
26.van der Waals面积（cm2·mol-1）：7.130×109
28.van der Waals体积（cm3·mol-1）：49.580
29.液相标准声称热(焓)( kJ·mol-1)：-45.1
30.液相标准热熔(J·mol-1·K-1)：123.7
31.气相标准声称热(焓)( kJ·mol-1) ：-9.6
32.气相标准熵(J·mol-1·K-1) ：325.20
33.气相标准生成自由能( kJ·mol-1)：16.1
34.气相标准热熔(J·mol-1·K-1)：80.25
三氯乙烯 安全信息
- 包装等级：
- III
- 风险类别：
- 6.1
- 海关代码：
- 2903220000
- WGK_Germany：
- 3
德国有关水污染物质的分类清单 - 危险类别码：
- R36/38;R45;R52/53;R67
- 安全说明：
- S53-S45-S61-S36/37
- RTECS号：
- KX4550000
- 安全标志：
- S23:不要吸入蒸汽。
S45:出现意外或者感到不适，立刻到医生那里寻求帮助（最好带去产品容器标签）。
S53:避免暴露——使用前先阅读专门的说明。
S61:避免排放到环境中。参考专门的说明/安全数据表。
: - 危险标志：
- T:Toxic
三氯乙烯 毒理性
CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION
- RTECS NUMBER :
- KX4550000
- CHEMICAL NAME :
- Ethylene, trichloro-
- CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
- 79-01-6
- BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :
- 1736782
- LAST UPDATED :
- 199803
- DATA ITEMS CITED :
- 165
- MOLECULAR FORMULA :
- C2-H-Cl3
- MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
- 131.38
- WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
- GYGU1G
HEALTH HAZARD DATA
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA
- TYPE OF TEST :
- Standard Draize test
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Administration onto the skin
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- TYPE OF TEST :
- Standard Draize test
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Administration into the eye
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 7 gm/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - man
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 2143 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Gastrointestinal - other changes
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 6900 mg/m3/10M
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 160 ppm/83M
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 812 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Gastrointestinal - other changes Liver - jaundice, other or unclassified
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - man
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 110 ppm/8H
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - man
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 2900 ppm
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 5650 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 4800 ppm/4H
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1282 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intratracheal
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 150 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 2402 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Behavioral - ataxia Skin and Appendages - hair
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 8450 ppm/4H
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Subcutaneous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 16 gm/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - sleep Behavioral - ataxia
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intravenous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 33900 ug/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Mammal - dog
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1900 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Liver - liver function tests impaired
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Subcutaneous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Mammal - dog
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 150 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intravenous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Mammal - dog
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 150 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Mammal - cat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 5864 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Mammal - cat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 32500 mg/m3/2H
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - spastic paralysis with or without sensory change Behavioral - general anesthetic Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 7330 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 11000 ppm
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Administration onto the skin
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- DOSE/DURATION :
- >20 gm/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Subcutaneous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1800 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - guinea pig
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 37200 ppm/40M
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1160 mg/kg/8W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Brain and Coverings - demyelination
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 84 gm/kg/2W-C
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Liver - changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 130 gm/kg/13W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data - death
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 24 gm/kg/6W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Liver - changes in liver weight Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - phosphatases
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 4380 ppm/4H/2W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - ataxia Behavioral - changes in psychophysiological tests
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 3200 ppm/12H/14W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Brain and Coverings - recordings from specific areas of CNS Sense Organs and Special Senses (Ear) - change in acuity
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 150 ppm/24H/30D-C
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Liver - changes in liver weight
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 2400 ppm/6H/13W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Sense Organs and Special Senses (Ear) - change in acuity
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 50 mg/m3/5H/26W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Brain and Coverings - recordings from specific areas of CNS Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 300 ppm/24H/12W-C
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Liver - changes in liver weight Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - lipids including transport
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Subcutaneous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 60 gm/kg/15W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Liver - other changes Liver - changes in liver weight Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - other proteins
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 48 gm/kg/4W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Liver - hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - dehydrogenases Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - transaminases
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 49080 mg/kg/17W-C
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Blood - changes in bone marrow (not otherwise specified) Immunological Including Allergic - decrease in humoral immune response
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 150 ppm/24H/30D-C
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Liver - changes in liver weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - phosphatases
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 182 gm/kg/26W-C
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Liver - changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 13 gm/kg/5D-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) Related to Chronic Data - death
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 3360 mg/kg/14D-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Liver - changes in liver weight
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 3941 mg/kg/3D-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Endocrine - changes in spleen weight
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 10000 ppm/1H/12D-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Related to Chronic Data - death
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Mammal - dog
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 3825 mg/m3/8H/6W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Mammal - dog
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 500 ppm/4H/8W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Liver - other changes
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 350 ppm/4H/12W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Brain and Coverings - recordings from specific areas of CNS
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 100 mg/m3/4H/39W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition Blood - changes in leukocyte (WBC) count Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - other esterases
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - guinea pig
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 400 ppm/7H/35W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Liver - changes in liver weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - gerbil
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 150 ppm/24H/30D-C
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Liver - changes in liver weight Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - phosphatases
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - gerbil
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 320 ppm/24H/90D-C
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - lipids including transport
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 150 ppm/7H/2Y-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors Skin and Appendages - tumors
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 455 gm/kg/78W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 150 ppm/7H/2Y-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Vascular - tumors Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - hamster
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 100 ppm/6H/77W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Blood - lymphoma, including Hodgkin's disease Liver - tumors
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 912 gm/kg/78W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TC - Toxic concentration (other than lowest)
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 500 ppm/6H/77W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Blood - lymphoma, including Hodgkin's disease
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TC - Toxic concentration (other than lowest)
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 150 ppm/7H/2Y-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors Skin and Appendages - tumors
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 515 gm/kg/2Y-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors Blood - tumors
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 2688 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 1-22 day(s) after conception lactating female 21 day(s) post-birth
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 36 gm/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 15 day(s) pre-mating female 1-21 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - weaning or lactation index (e.g., # alive at weaning per # alive at day 4)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 1140 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 14 day(s) pre-mating - 21 day(s) post-birth
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- DOSE :
- 1800 ppm/24H
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 1-20 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental abnormalities
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- DOSE :
- 100 ppm/4H
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 6-22 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- DOSE :
- 1800 ppm/6H
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 1-20 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- DOSE :
- 100 ppm/4H
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 8-21 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- DOSE :
- 100 ppm/7H
- SEX/DURATION :
- male 5 day(s) pre-mating
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- DOSE :
- 150 ppm/24H
- SEX/DURATION :
- male 4 week(s) pre-mating female 4 week(s) pre-mating - 3 week(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
- TYPE OF TEST :
- Micronucleus test
- TYPE OF TEST :
- Unscheduled DNA synthesis
- TYPE OF TEST :
- Specific locus test
- TYPE OF TEST :
- DNA damage
- TYPE OF TEST :
- Unscheduled DNA synthesis
- TYPE OF TEST :
- Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified
- TYPE OF TEST :
- Sperm Morphology
MUTATION DATA
- TYPE OF TEST :
- DNA adduct
- TEST SYSTEM :
- Mammal - species unspecified Lymphocyte
- REFERENCE :
- TOLED5 Toxicology Letters. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1977- Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,243,1982 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIN TLV-Suspected human carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-STEL 537 mg/m3 (100 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 269 mg/m3 (50 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 20,545,1979 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 63,75,1995 IARC Cancer Review:Human Limited Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 63,75,1995 IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 20,545,1979 IARC Cancer Review:Group 3 IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,364,1987 IARC Cancer Review:Group 2A IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 63,75,1995 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JTEHD6 Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. (Hemisphere Pub., 1025 Vermont Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.1- 1975/76- Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,671,1977 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CLPTAT Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (St. Louis). (C.V. Mosby Co., 11830 Westline Industrial Dr., St. Louis, MO 63146) V.1- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,91,1967 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JJOMDZ JOM, Journal of Occupational Medicine. (American Occupational Medicine Assoc., 150 N. Wacker Dr., Chicago, IL 60606) V.10- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year: 16,194,1974 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JJOMDZ JOM, Journal of Occupational Medicine. (American Occupational Medicine Assoc., 150 N. Wacker Dr., Chicago, IL 60606) V.10- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,603,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FNSCA6 Forensic Science. (Lausanne, Switzerland) V.1-11, 1972-78. For pub lisher information, see FSINDR. Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,67,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW BNYMAM Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. (New York Academy of Medicine, 2 E. 103rd St., New York, NY 10029) Ser 2: V.1- 1925- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,413,1978 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FAATDF Fundamental and Applied Toxicology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year: 13,747,1989 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW NTOTDY Neurobehavioral Toxicology and Teratology. (Fayetteville, NY) V.3-8, 1981-86. For publisher information, see NETEEC. Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,417,1981 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 100 ppm (535 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,263,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 100 ppm;CL 200;Pk 300/5M/2H CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 100 ppm (535 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 100 ppm (535 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 100 ppm (535 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 50 ppm (270 mg/m3);STEL 200 ppm (1080 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 50 ppm (269 mg/m3);STEL 200 ppm (1070 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 30 ppm (160 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 30 ppm (160 mg/m3);STEL 45 ppm (240 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 75 ppm (405 mg/m3);STEL 200 ppm (1080 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 50 ppm (270 mg/m3);Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 10 mg/m3;STEL 40 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 50 ppm (270 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 35 ppm (190 mg/m3);STEL 100 ppm JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 100 ppm (535 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 50 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 50 ppm;STEL 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 10 ppm (50 mg/m3);STEL 25 ppm (140 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THAILAND:TWA 100 ppm;STEL 200 ppm JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 100 ppm (535 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 100 ppm (535 mg/m3);STEL 150 ppm;Skin JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO TRICHLOROETHYLENE-air:10H CA TWA 25 ppm;CL 2 ppm/1H REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO WASTE ANESTHETIC GASES AND VAPORS-air:CL 2 ppm/1H REFERENCE : MMWR** MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. (Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333) V.25(10)- 1976- for RTECS citation, only V.34(Suppl 1S), 1985 is used. Volume(issue)/page/year: 37(S-7),28,1988 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 73790 No. of Facilities: 37699 (estimated) No. of Industries: 251 No. of Occupations: 141 No. of Employees: 446588 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 73790 No. of Facilities: 23225 (estimated) No. of Industries: 192 No. of Occupations: 143 No. of Employees: 401373 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 175316 (estimated)
- 毒理学数据：
1.急性毒性[16]
LD50：2402mg/kg（小鼠经口）
LC50：137752mg/m3（大鼠吸入，1h）；45292mg/m3（小鼠吸入，4h）
2.刺激性[17]
家兔经皮：500mg（24h），重度刺激。
家兔经眼：20mg（24h），中度刺激。
3.亚急性与慢性毒性[18] 接触6个月的LC值：大鼠和兔为1.08g/m3
4.致突变性[19] DNA抑制：人淋巴细胞5mg/L。姐妹染色单体交换：人淋巴细胞178mg/L。程序外DNA合成：人肺100mg/L。DNA抑制：人淋巴细胞5ml/L。姐妹染色单体交换：人淋巴细胞178mg/L。
5.致畸性[20] 大鼠孕后1~20d吸入最低中毒剂量（TCLo）1800ppm（24h），致肌肉骨骼系统、泌尿生殖系统发育畸形。雄性、雌性小鼠交配前4周至孕后3周吸入最低中毒剂量（TCLo）150ppm（24h），致中枢神经系统发育畸形。大鼠多代经口给予最低中毒剂量（TDLo）156mg/kg，致泌尿生殖系统发育畸形。小鼠多代经口给予最低中毒剂量（TDLo）700mg/kg，致肝胆管系统和泌尿生殖系统发育畸形。大鼠孕后6~15d经口染毒最低中毒剂量（TDLo）1010mg/kg，致眼、耳发育畸形。小鼠多代经口给予最低中毒剂量（TDLo）致免疫和网状内皮系统发育畸形。
6.致癌性[21] IARC致癌性评论：G2A，可能人类致癌物。
7.其他[22] 大鼠吸入最低中毒浓度（TCLo）：1800ppm（24h）（孕1~20d），引起肌肉骨骼发育异常及其他发育异常。小鼠吸入最低中毒浓度（TCLo）：100ppm（7h）（5d，雄性），精子生成异常。
- 生态数据：
1.生态毒性[23]
LC50：44.7mg/L（96h）（蓝鳃太阳鱼，静态）；40.7~66.8mg/L（96h）（黑头呆鱼）；20mg/L（96h）（红鲈）；59mg/L（48h）（青鳉）
IC50：63~1000mg/L（72h）（藻类）
2.生物降解性[24]
好氧生物降解（h）：4320~8640
厌氧生物降解（h）：2352~39672
3.非生物降解性[25] 空气中光氧化半衰期（h）：27~272
4.生物富集性[26] BCF：4.3~17（鲤鱼，接触浓度70ppb，接触时间6周）；4~16（鲤鱼，接触浓度7ppb，接触时间6周）；302（绿藻）
5.其他有害作用[27] 该物质对环境有严重危害，应特别注意对空气、水环境及水源的污染。在对人类重要食物链中，特别是在水生生物中发生生物蓄积。
三氯乙烯 MSDS
| 国标编号: | 61580 |
| ＣＡＳ: | 79-01-6 |
| 中文名称: | 三氯乙烯 |
| 英文名称: | trichloroethylene |
| 别 名: | 乙炔化三氯 |
| 分子式: | C2HCl3；Cl2CCHCl |
| 分子量: | 131.39 |
| 熔 点: | -87.1℃ 沸点：87.1℃ |
| 密 度: | 相对密度(水=1)1.46； |
| 蒸汽压: | 32℃ |
| 溶解性: | 不溶于水，溶于乙醇、乙醚，可混溶于多数有机溶剂。 |
| 稳定性: | 稳定 |
| 外观与性状: | 无色透明液体，有似氯仿的气味 |
| 危险标记: | 14(有毒品) |
| 用 途: | 用作溶剂，用于脱脂、冷冻、农药、香料、橡胶工业、洗涤织物等 |
2、对环境的影响
该物质对环境有严重危害，应特别注意对空气、水环境及水源的污染。在对人类重要食物链中，特别是在水生生物体中发生生物蓄积。
一、健康危害
侵入途径：吸入、食入、经皮吸收。
健康危害：本品主要对中枢神经系统有麻醉作用。亦可引起肝、肾、心脏、三叉神经损害。
二、毒理学资料及环境行为
毒性：有蓄积作用。
急性毒性：LD502402mg/kg(小鼠经口)；LC5045292mg/m3，4小时(小鼠吸入)；137752mg/m3，1小时(大鼠吸入)；人吸入6.89g/m3×6分钟，粘膜刺激；人吸入5.38g/m3×120分钟，视力减退；人吸入400ppm嗅到有气味，轻微眼刺激；人吸入2000ppm，极强烈的气味，不能耐受。
亚急性和慢性毒性：大鼠吸入0.54g/m3，5小时/天，5天/周，3个月，神经传导速度减慢。
致突变性：DNA抑制：人淋巴细胞5mg/L。姊妹染色单体交换：人淋巴细胞178mg/L。
生殖毒性：大鼠吸入最低中毒浓度(TCL0)：1800ppm(24小时)(孕1～20天)，引起肌肉骨骼发育异常。小鼠吸入最低中毒浓度(TCL0)：100ppm/7小时(5天，雄性)，精子生成异常。
致癌性：IARC致癌性评论：动物阳性，人类不明确。
危险特性：遇明火、高热能引起燃烧爆炸。与强氧化剂接触可发生化学反应。受紫外光照射或在燃烧或加热时分解产生有毒的光气和腐蚀性的盐酸烟雾。
燃烧(分解)产物：一氧化碳、二氧化碳、氯化氢、光气。
3、现场应急监测方法
气体检测管法；便携式气相色谱法；水质检测管法
直接进水样气相色谱法(1，1，2-三氯乙烯)
气体速测管（北京劳保所产品、德国德尔格公司产品）
4、实验室监测方法
监测方法 来源 类别
顶空气相色谱法 GB/T17130-1997 水质
无泵型采样器气相色谱法 WS/T144-1999 作业场所空气
吡啶-碱比色法；
气相色谱法 《空气中有害物质的测定方法》(第二版)，杭士平主编 空气
气相色谱法 《固体废弃物试验与分析评价手册》中国环境监测总站等译 固体废弃物
色谱/质谱法 美国EPA524.2方法 水质
5、环境标准
中国(TJ36-79) 车间空气中有害物质的最高容许浓度 30mg/m3
前苏联(1987) 环境空气中最高容许浓度 4.0mg/m3(一次值)
1.0mg/m3(日均值)
中国(待颁布) 饮用水源中有害物质的最高容许浓度 0.07mg/L
中国(GB8978-1996) 污水综合排放标准 一级：0.3mg/L
二级：0.6mg/L
三级：1.0mg/L
中国(GHZB1-1999) 地表水环境质量标准(I、II、III类水域) 0.005mg/L
日本(1993) 环境标准 地面水：0.03mg/L
废水：0.3mg/L
土壤浸出液：0.03mg/L
嗅觉阈浓度 250ppm
6、应急处理处置方法
一、泄漏应急处理
迅速撤离泄漏污染区人员至安全区，并进行隔离，严格限制出入。切断火源。建议应急处理人员戴自给正压式呼吸器，穿防毒服。尽可能切断泄漏源，防止进入下水道、排洪沟等限制性空间。小量泄漏：用砂土或其它不燃材料吸附或吸收。大量泄漏：构筑围堤或挖坑收容。用泡沫覆盖，降低蒸气灾害。用泵转移至槽车或专用收集器内，回收或运至废物处理场所处置。
废弃物处置方法：建议用焚烧法处理。废弃物和其它燃料混合焚烧，燃烧要充分，防止生成光气。焚烧炉排出的卤化氢通过酸洗涤器除去。此外，从废料中回收三氯乙烯，再循环使用。
二、防护措施
呼吸系统防护：可能接触其蒸气时，应该佩戴自吸过滤式防毒面具(半面罩)。紧急事态抢救或撤离时，佩戴循环式氧气呼吸器。
眼睛防护：戴化学安全防护眼镜。
身体防护：穿防毒物渗透工作服。
手防护：戴防化学品手套。
其它：工作现场禁止吸烟、进食和饮水。工作毕，沐浴更衣。单独存放被毒物污染的衣服。洗后备用。注意个人清洁卫生。
三、急救措施
皮肤接触：立即脱去被污染的衣着，用肥皂水和清水彻底冲洗皮肤。就医。
眼睛接触：提起眼睑，用流动清水或生理盐水冲洗，就医。
吸入：迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。保持呼吸道通畅。如呼吸困难，给输氧。如呼吸停止，立即进行人工呼吸。就医。
食入：饮足量温水，催吐，就医。
灭火方法：消防人员须戴氧气呼吸器。喷水保持火场容器冷却，直至灭火结束。灭火剂：雾状水、泡沫、干粉、二氧化碳、砂土。
三氯乙烯 分子结构与计算化学数据
分子结构数据
1、摩尔折射率：25.76
2、摩尔体积（cm3/mol）：89.1
3、等张比容（90.2K）：210.4
4、表面张力（dyne/cm）：31.0
5、极化率（10-24cm3）：10.21
计算化学数据
1、疏水参数计算参考值（XlogP）：2.6
2、氢键供体数量：0
3、氢键受体数量：0
4、可旋转化学键数量：0
5、互变异构体数量：无
6、拓扑分子极性表面积（TPSA）：0
7、重原子数量：5
8、表面电荷：0
9、复杂度：42.9
10、同位素原子数量：0
11、确定原子立构中心数量：0
12、不确定原子立构中心数量：0
13、确定化学键立构中心数量：0
14、不确定化学键立构中心数量：0
15、共价键单元数量：1
