制备方法

其制备方法是由甲醇与三氯化磷直接反应制得。3CH3OH+PCl3→(CH3O)2POH+2HCl+CH3Cl 国内传统工艺是分锅滴加,间歇操作。由于该反应是剧烈的放热反应,反应速度快,瞬间完成,所以操作频繁,劳动强度大,且生产周期长,设备利用率低,生产能力受到限制。在此基础上通过工艺改造实现的连续化生产工艺,总收率达到80%以上(以三氯化磷计),含量为95%以上。 连续化工艺中的关键是要使三氯化磷与甲醇充分接触,可应用喷射反应器来满足这一要求。连续化工艺合成脱酸所得的亚磷酸二甲酯粗品含量在70%、酸度在10%左右,需进一步用氨中和,在中和过程中需加入保护剂二氯乙烷。中和的副产物氯化铵可经过再处理作肥料用,二氯乙烷可用减压蒸馏的方式加以回收利用。由甲醇与三氯化磷反应而得。

合成制备方法

其制备方法是由甲醇与三氯化磷直接反应制得。3CH₃OH+PCl₃→(CH₃O)₂POH+2HCl+CH₃Cl
国内传统工艺是分锅滴加，间歇操作。由于该反应是剧烈的放热反应，反应速度快，瞬间完成，所以操作频繁，劳动强度大，且生产周期长，设备利用率低，生产能力受到限制。在此基础上通过工艺改造实现的连续化生产工艺，总收率达到80%以上(以三氯化磷计)，含量为95％以上。
连续化工艺中的关键是要使三氯化磷与甲醇充分接触，可应用喷射反应器来满足这一要求。连续化工艺合成脱酸所得的亚磷酸二甲酯粗品含量在70％、酸度在10％左右，需进一步用氨中和，在中和过程中需加入保护剂二氯乙烷。中和的副产物氯化铵可经过再处理作肥料用，二氯乙烷可用减压蒸馏的方式加以回收利用。由甲醇与三氯化磷反应而得。

用途简介

亚磷酸二甲酯在农药上可直接用于合成有机磷杀虫剂敌百虫、除草剂草甘膦等,也可用于合成其他含磷中间体,如O,O-二甲基磷酰氯、O,O-二甲基硫(醇)代磷酸铵等。此外,它也是一种重要的有机合成原料,用于有机磷酸型缓蚀剂、塑料助剂、染料添加剂以及纺织品阻燃剂的生产。用作润滑油添加剂、胶粘剂和某些有机合成中间体。用于合成杀虫剂氧化乐果、甲基硫环磷和除草剂草甘磷等

用途

亚磷酸二甲酯在农药上可直接用于合成有机磷杀虫剂敌百虫、除草剂草甘膦等，也可用于合成其他含磷中间体，如O，O-二甲基磷酰氯、O，O-二甲基硫(醇)代磷酸铵等。此外，它也是一种重要的有机合成原料，用于有机磷酸型缓蚀剂、塑料助剂、染料添加剂以及纺织品阻燃剂的生产。用作润滑油添加剂、胶粘剂和某些有机合成中间体。用于合成杀虫剂氧化乐果、甲基硫环磷和除草剂草甘磷等

包装等级：

III

风险类别：

3.2

海关代码：

2920901300

WGK_Germany：

1
德国有关水污染物质的分类清单

危险类别码：

R10;R21;R36

安全说明：

S26-S36/37

RTECS号：

SZ7710000

安全标志：

S26:万一接触眼睛，立即使用大量清水冲洗并送医诊治。
:

危险标志：

Xn:Harmful

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :

SZ7710000

CHEMICAL NAME :

Phosphonic acid, dimethyl ester

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :

868-85-9

LAST UPDATED :

199710

DATA ITEMS CITED :

30

MOLECULAR FORMULA :

C2-H7-O3-P

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

110.06

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :

1OPHO&O1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :

Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Administration into the eye

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

3040 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

>20 gm/m3

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

2970 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

1831 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Autonomic Nervous System - other (direct) parasympathomimetic Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory stimulation Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

2610 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :

2400 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :

900 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Autonomic Nervous System - other (direct) parasympathomimetic Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory stimulation Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

7500 mg/kg/15D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

26 gm/kg/13W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - corneal damage Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

30 gm/kg/15D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

97500 mg/kg/13W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - chronic pulmonary edema Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

103 gm/kg/2Y-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors Gastrointestinal - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :

Micronucleus test

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

Sister chromatid exchange

TEST SYSTEM :

Rodent - hamster Ovary

DOSE/DURATION :

250 mg/L

REFERENCE :

SCIEAS Science. (American Assoc. for the Advancement of Science, 1333 H St., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.1- 1895- Volume(issue)/page/year: 236,933,1987 *** REVIEWS *** IARC Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 48,85,1990 IARC Cancer Review:Group 3 IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 48,85,1990 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-GERMANY;Carcinogen JAN 1993 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 84136 No. of Facilities: 21 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 2 No. of Employees: 41 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 84136 No. of Facilities: 7 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 1 No. of Employees: 1822 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 272 (estimated)

毒理学数据：

1、急性毒性：小鼠口经LD50：1831mg/kg；大鼠口经LD50：3040mg/kg