制备方法

工业上采用二氯二氟乙烷和甲醇在碱性催化剂存在下得粗醚,再经氧化、分离、中和而得。

合成制备方法

工业上采用二氯二氟乙烷和甲醇在碱性催化剂存在下得粗醚,再经氧化、分离、中和而得。

用途简介

为较新的全身吸入麻醉剂。在已知的吸入全麻药中,其全麻效能最强,并有明显的肌松作用。现多用于浅全麻。

用途

为较新的全身吸入麻醉剂。在已知的吸入全麻药中，其全麻效能最强，并有明显的肌松作用。现多用于浅全麻。

包装等级：

III

风险类别：

3

危险类别码：

R10

安全说明：

S23-S24/25

RTECS号：

KN7820000

安全标志：

S23:不要吸入蒸汽。
S26:万一接触眼睛，立即使用大量清水冲洗并送医诊治。
:

危险标志：

Xi

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :

KN7820000

CHEMICAL NAME :

Ether, 2,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethyl methyl

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :

76-38-0

BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :

1737766

LAST UPDATED :

199710

DATA ITEMS CITED :

34

MOLECULAR FORMULA :

C3-H4-Cl2-F2-O

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

164.97

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :

GYGXFFO1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Administration into the eye

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human

DOSE/DURATION :

3500 ppm/1H

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - renal function tests depressed

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

3600 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

33500 mg/m3/4H

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

21500 mg/m3

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - general anesthetic Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - excitement

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

150 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - species unspecified

DOSE/DURATION :

3600 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - antipsychotic

TYPE OF TEST :

LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - species unspecified

DOSE/DURATION :

34 gm/m3

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - antipsychotic

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

50 ppm/24H/14W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Liver - changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

48600 mg/m3/4H/30D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Liver - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

DOSE :

100 ppm/8H

SEX/DURATION :

female 1-21 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

DOSE :

400 ppm/8H

SEX/DURATION :

female 1-21 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

DOSE :

2 ppm/4H

SEX/DURATION :

female 6-15 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

DOSE :

2000 ppm/4H

SEX/DURATION :

female 6-15 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

TYPE OF TEST :

Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified

MUTATION DATA

TEST SYSTEM :

Bird - chicken

REFERENCE :

ENVRAL Environmental Research. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,366,1976 *** REVIEWS *** IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,93,1987 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ARPTDI Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology. (Annual Reviews, Inc., POB 10139, Palo Alto, CA 94303) V.16- 1976- Volume(issue)/page/year: 16,67,1976 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW KDYIA5 Kidney International. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,82,1976 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CANJAE Canadian Anaesthetists' Society Journal. (Toronto, Ont., Canada) V.1-33, 1954-86. Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,152,1972 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ARMCAH Annual Review of Medicine. (Annual Reviews, Inc., POB 10139, Palo Alto, CA 94303) V.1- 1950- Volume(issue)/page/year: 25,411,1974 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AACRAT Anesthesia and Analgesia (New York). (Elsevier Science Pub. Co., Inc., 52 Vanderbilt Ave., New York, NY 10017) V.36- 1957- Volume(issue)/page/year: 57,328,1978 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-DENMARK:TWA 2 ppm (14 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 200 mg/m3 JAN 1993 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO METHOXYFLURANE-air:CL 2 ppm REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 82904 No. of Facilities: 627 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 6 No. of Employees: 8095 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 82904 No. of Facilities: 2120 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 14 No. of Employees: 32772 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 18210 (estimated)

分子结构数据

       1、   摩尔折射率：27.64

2、   摩尔体积（m³/mol）：118.5

3、   等张比容（90.2K）：259.5

4、   表面张力（dyne/cm）：23.0

5、   极化率（10^-24cm³）：10.95

计算化学数据

1.疏水参数计算参考值（XlogP）:无

2.氢键供体数量:0

3.氢键受体数量:3

4.可旋转化学键数量:2

5.互变异构体数量:无

6.拓扑分子极性表面积9.2

7.重原子数量:8

8.表面电荷:0

9.复杂度:75.7

10.同位素原子数量:0

11.确定原子立构中心数量:0

12.不确定原子立构中心数量:0

13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0

14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

15.共价键单元数量:1